update broken links from ept's repo

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1. Jay Kreps: “[Getting Real About Distributed System Reliability](http://blog.empathybox.com/post/19574936361/getting-real-about-distributed-system-reliability),” *blog.empathybox.com*, March 19, 2012.
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1. Nathan Marz: “[Principles of Software Engineering, Part 1](http://nathanmarz.com/blog/principles-of-software-engineering-part-1.html),” *nathanmarz.com*, April 2, 2013.
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1. Raffi Krikorian: “[Timelines at Scale](http://www.infoq.com/presentations/Twitter-Timeline-Scalability),” at *QCon San Francisco*, November 2012.
1. Martin Fowler: *Patterns of Enterprise Application Architecture*. Addison Wesley, 2002. ISBN: 978-0-321-12742-6
1. Kelly Sommers: “[After all that run around, what caused 500ms disk latency even when we replaced physical server?](https://twitter.com/kellabyte/status/532930540777635840)” *twitter.com*, November 13, 2014.
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1. Greg Linden: “[Make Data Useful](http://glinden.blogspot.co.uk/2006/12/slides-from-my-talk-at-stanford.html),” slides from presentation at Stanford University Data Mining class (CS345), December 2006.
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1. Jake Brutlag:“[Speed Matters](https://ai.googleblog.com/2009/06/speed-matters.html),” *ai.googleblog.com*, June 23, 2009.
1. Tammy Everts: “[The Real Cost of Slow Time vs Downtime](https://www.slideshare.net/Radware/radware-cmg2014-tammyevertsslowtimevsdowntime),” *slideshare.net*, November 5, 2014.
1. Jake Brutlag: “[Speed Matters](https://ai.googleblog.com/2009/06/speed-matters.html),” *ai.googleblog.com*, June 23, 2009.
1. Tyler Treat: “[Everything You Know About Latency Is Wrong](http://bravenewgeek.com/everything-you-know-about-latency-is-wrong/),” *bravenewgeek.com*, December 12, 2015.
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@ -402,9 +402,9 @@
1. James Hamilton: “[On Designing and Deploying Internet-Scale Services](https://www.usenix.org/legacy/events/lisa07/tech/full_papers/hamilton/hamilton.pdf),” at *21st Large Installation System Administration Conference* (LISA), November 2007.
1. Brian Foote and Joseph Yoder: “[Big Ball of Mud](http://www.laputan.org/pub/foote/mud.pdf),” at *4th Conference on Pattern Languages of Programs* (PLoP), September 1997.
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1. Ben Moseley and Peter Marks: “[Out of the Tar Pit](http://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/summary?doi=10.1.1.93.8928),” at *BCS Software Practice Advancement* (SPA), 2006.
1. Ben Moseley and Peter Marks: “[Out of the Tar Pit](https://curtclifton.net/papers/MoseleyMarks06a.pdf),” at *BCS Software Practice Advancement* (SPA), 2006.
1. Rich Hickey: “[Simple Made Easy](http://www.infoq.com/presentations/Simple-Made-Easy),” at *Strange Loop*, September 2011.
1. Hongyu Pei Breivold, Ivica Crnkovic, and Peter J. Eriksson: “[Analyzing Software Evolvability](http://www.mrtc.mdh.se/publications/1478.pdf),” at *32nd Annual IEEE International Computer Software and Applications Conference* (COMPSAC), July 2008. [doi:10.1109/COMPSAC.2008.50](http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/COMPSAC.2008.50)
1. Hongyu Pei Breivold, Ivica Crnkovic, and Peter J. Eriksson: “[Analyzing Software Evolvability](http://www.es.mdh.se/pdf_publications/1251.pdf),” at *32nd Annual IEEE International Computer Software and Applications Conference* (COMPSAC), July 2008. [doi:10.1109/COMPSAC.2008.50](http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/COMPSAC.2008.50)
------

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1. David J. DeWitt and Michael Stonebraker: “[MapReduce: A Major Step Backwards](https://homes.cs.washington.edu/~billhowe/mapreduce_a_major_step_backwards.html),” originally published at *databasecolumn.vertica.com*, January 17, 2008.
1. Henry Robinson: “[The Elephant Was a Trojan Horse: On the Death of Map-Reduce at Google](https://www.the-paper-trail.org/post/2014-06-25-the-elephant-was-a-trojan-horse-on-the-death-of-map-reduce-at-google/),” *the-paper-trail.org*, June 25, 2014.
1. “[The Hollerith Machine](https://www.census.gov/history/www/innovations/technology/the_hollerith_tabulator.html),” United States Census Bureau, *census.gov*.
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1. “[IBM 82, 83, and 84 Sorters Reference Manual](https://bitsavers.org/pdf/ibm/punchedCard/Sorter/A24-1034-1_82-83-84_sorters.pdf),” Edition A24-1034-1, International Business Machines Corporation, July 1962.
1. Adam Drake: “[Command-Line Tools Can Be 235x Faster than Your Hadoop Cluster](https://adamdrake.com/command-line-tools-can-be-235x-faster-than-your-hadoop-cluster.html),” *aadrake.com*, January 25, 2014.
1. “[GNU Coreutils 8.23 Documentation](http://www.gnu.org/software/coreutils/manual/html_node/index.html),” Free Software Foundation, Inc., 2014.
1. Martin Kleppmann: “[Kafka, Samza, and the Unix Philosophy of Distributed Data](http://martin.kleppmann.com/2015/08/05/kafka-samza-unix-philosophy-distributed-data.html),” *martin.kleppmann.com*, August 5, 2015.
1. Doug McIlroy:[Internal Bell Labs memo](https://swtch.com/~rsc/thread/mdmpipe.pdf), October 1964. Cited in: Dennis M. Richie: “[Advice from Doug McIlroy](https://www.bell-labs.com/usr/dmr/www/mdmpipe.html),” *bell-labs.com*.
1. Doug McIlroy: [Internal Bell Labs memo](https://swtch.com/~rsc/thread/mdmpipe.pdf), October 1964. Cited in: Dennis M. Richie: “[Advice from Doug McIlroy](https://www.bell-labs.com/usr/dmr/www/mdmpipe.html),” *bell-labs.com*.
1. M. D. McIlroy, E. N. Pinson, and B. A. Tague: “[UNIX Time-Sharing System: Foreword](https://archive.org/details/bstj57-6-1899),” *The Bell System Technical Journal*, volume 57, number 6, pages 18991904, July 1978.
1. Eric S. Raymond: [*The Art of UNIX Programming*](http://www.catb.org/~esr/writings/taoup/html/). Addison-Wesley, 2003. ISBN: 978-0-13-142901-7
1. Ronald Duncan: “[Text File Formats ASCII Delimited Text Not CSV or TAB Delimited Text](https://ronaldduncan.wordpress.com/2009/10/31/text-file-formats-ascii-delimited-text-not-csv-or-tab-delimited-text/),” *ronaldduncan.wordpress.com*, October 31, 2009.
@ -747,22 +747,22 @@ Spark、Flink 和 Tez 避免将中间状态写入 HDFS因此它们采取了
1. Zhe Zhang, Andrew Wang, Kai Zheng, et al.: “[Introduction to HDFS Erasure Coding in Apache Hadoop](https://blog.cloudera.com/introduction-to-hdfs-erasure-coding-in-apache-hadoop/),” *blog.cloudera.com*, September 23, 2015.
1. Peter Cnudde: “[Hadoop Turns 10](https://web.archive.org/web/20190119112713/https://yahoohadoop.tumblr.com/post/138739227316/hadoop-turns-10),” *yahoohadoop.tumblr.com*, February 5, 2016.
1. Eric Baldeschwieler: “[Thinking About the HDFS vs. Other Storage Technologies](https://web.archive.org/web/20190529215115/http://hortonworks.com/blog/thinking-about-the-hdfs-vs-other-storage-technologies/),” *hortonworks.com*, July 25, 2012.
1. Brendan Gregg: “[Manta: Unix Meets Map Reduce](http://dtrace.org/blogs/brendan/2013/06/25/manta-unix-meets-map-reduce/),” *dtrace.org*, June 25, 2013.
1. Brendan Gregg: “[Manta: Unix Meets Map Reduce](https://web.archive.org/web/20220125052545/http://dtrace.org/blogs/brendan/2013/06/25/manta-unix-meets-map-reduce/),” *dtrace.org*, June 25, 2013.
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1. Márton Trencséni: “[Luigi vs Airflow vs Pinball](http://bytepawn.com/luigi-airflow-pinball.html),” *bytepawn.com*, February 6, 2016.
1. Roshan Sumbaly, Jay Kreps, and Sam Shah: “[The 'Big Data' Ecosystem at LinkedIn](http://www.slideshare.net/s_shah/the-big-data-ecosystem-at-linkedin-23512853),” at *ACM International Conference on Management of Data (SIGMOD)*, July 2013. [doi:10.1145/2463676.2463707](http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/2463676.2463707)
1. Roshan Sumbaly, Jay Kreps, and Sam Shah: “[The 'Big Data' Ecosystem at LinkedIn](http://www.slideshare.net/s_shah/the-big-data-ecosystem-at-linkedin-23512853),” at *ACM International Conference on Management of Data* (SIGMOD), July 2013. [doi:10.1145/2463676.2463707](http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/2463676.2463707)
1. Alan F. Gates, Olga Natkovich, Shubham Chopra, et al.: “[Building a High-Level Dataflow System on Top of Map-Reduce: The Pig Experience](http://www.vldb.org/pvldb/vol2/vldb09-1074.pdf),” at *35th International Conference on Very Large Data Bases* (VLDB), August 2009.
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1. Martin Kleppmann: “[Rethinking Caching in Web Apps](http://martin.kleppmann.com/2012/10/01/rethinking-caching-in-web-apps.html),” *martin.kleppmann.com*, October 1, 2012.
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1. Mark Grover, Ted Malaska, Jonathan Seidman, and Gwen Shapira: *[Hadoop Application Architectures](http://shop.oreilly.com/product/0636920033196.do)*. O'Reilly Media, 2015. ISBN: 978-1-491-90004-8
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@ -773,16 +773,16 @@ Spark、Flink 和 Tez 避免将中间状态写入 HDFS因此它们采取了
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1. Paige Roberts: “[To Schema on Read or to Schema on Write, That Is the Hadoop Data Lake Question](http://adaptivesystemsinc.com/blog/to-schema-on-read-or-to-schema-on-write-that-is-the-hadoop-data-lake-question/),” *adaptivesystemsinc.com*, July 2, 2015.
1. Bobby Johnson and Joseph Adler: “[The Sushi Principle: Raw Data Is Better](https://conferences.oreilly.com/strata/big-data-conference-ca-2015/public/schedule/detail/38737),” at *Strata+Hadoop World*, February 2015.
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1. Paige Roberts: “[To Schema on Read or to Schema on Write, That Is the Hadoop Data Lake Question](https://web.archive.org/web/20171105001306/http://adaptivesystemsinc.com/blog/to-schema-on-read-or-to-schema-on-write-that-is-the-hadoop-data-lake-question/),” *adaptivesystemsinc.com*, July 2, 2015.
1. Bobby Johnson and Joseph Adler: “[The Sushi Principle: Raw Data Is Better](https://web.archive.org/web/20161126104941/https://conferences.oreilly.com/strata/big-data-conference-ca-2015/public/schedule/detail/38737),” at *Strata+Hadoop World*, February 2015.
1. Vinod Kumar Vavilapalli, Arun C. Murthy, Chris Douglas, et al.: “[Apache Hadoop YARN: Yet Another Resource Negotiator](https://www.cs.cmu.edu/~garth/15719/papers/yarn.pdf),” at *4th ACM Symposium on Cloud Computing* (SoCC), October 2013. [doi:10.1145/2523616.2523633](http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/2523616.2523633)
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1. Matei Zaharia, Mosharaf Chowdhury, Tathagata Das, et al.: “[Resilient Distributed Datasets: A Fault-Tolerant Abstraction for In-Memory Cluster Computing](https://www.usenix.org/system/files/conference/nsdi12/nsdi12-final138.pdf),” at *9th USENIX Symposium on Networked Systems Design and Implementation* (NSDI), April 2012.
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@ -791,18 +791,18 @@ Spark、Flink 和 Tez 避免将中间状态写入 HDFS因此它们采取了
1. Alexander Alexandrov, Rico Bergmann, Stephan Ewen, et al.: “[The Stratosphere Platform for Big Data Analytics](https://ssc.io/pdf/2014-VLDBJ_Stratosphere_Overview.pdf),” *The VLDB Journal*, volume 23, number 6, pages 939964, May 2014. [doi:10.1007/s00778-014-0357-y](http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00778-014-0357-y)
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1. Grzegorz Malewicz, Matthew H. Austern, Aart J. C. Bik, et al.: “[Pregel: A System for Large-Scale Graph Processing](https://kowshik.github.io/JPregel/pregel_paper.pdf),” at *ACM International Conference on Management of Data* (SIGMOD), June 2010. [doi:10.1145/1807167.1807184](http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/1807167.1807184)
1. Frank McSherry, Michael Isard, and Derek G. Murray: “[Scalability! But at What COST?](http://www.frankmcsherry.org/assets/COST.pdf),” at *15th USENIX Workshop on Hot Topics in Operating Systems* (HotOS), May 2015.
1. Ionel Gog, Malte Schwarzkopf, Natacha Crooks, et al.: “[Musketeer: All for One, One for All in Data Processing Systems](http://www.cl.cam.ac.uk/research/srg/netos/camsas/pubs/eurosys15-musketeer.pdf),” at *10th European Conference on Computer Systems* (EuroSys), April 2015. [doi:10.1145/2741948.2741968](http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/2741948.2741968)
1. Aapo Kyrola, Guy Blelloch, and Carlos Guestrin: “[GraphChi: Large-Scale Graph Computation on Just a PC](https://www.usenix.org/system/files/conference/osdi12/osdi12-final-126.pdf),” at *10th USENIX Symposium on Operating Systems Design and Implementation* (OSDI), October 2012.
1. Andrew Lenharth, Donald Nguyen, and Keshav Pingali: “[Parallel Graph Analytics](http://cacm.acm.org/magazines/2016/5/201591-parallel-graph-analytics/fulltext),” *Communications of the ACM*, volume 59, number 5, pages 7887, May [doi:10.1145/2901919](http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/2901919)
1. Andrew Lenharth, Donald Nguyen, and Keshav Pingali: “[Parallel Graph Analytics](http://cacm.acm.org/magazines/2016/5/201591-parallel-graph-analytics/fulltext),” *Communications of the ACM*, volume 59, number 5, pages 7887, May 2016. [doi:10.1145/2901919](http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/2901919)
1. Fabian Hüske: “[Peeking into Apache Flink's Engine Room](http://flink.apache.org/news/2015/03/13/peeking-into-Apache-Flinks-Engine-Room.html),” *flink.apache.org*, March 13, 2015.
1. Mostafa Mokhtar: “[Hive 0.14 Cost Based Optimizer (CBO) Technical Overview](https://web.archive.org/web/20170607112708/http://hortonworks.com/blog/hive-0-14-cost-based-optimizer-cbo-technical-overview/),” *hortonworks.com*, March 2, 2015.
1. Michael Armbrust, Reynold S Xin, Cheng Lian, et al.: “[Spark SQL: Relational Data Processing in Spark](http://people.csail.mit.edu/matei/papers/2015/sigmod_spark_sql.pdf),” at *ACM International Conference on Management of Data* (SIGMOD), June 2015. [doi:10.1145/2723372.2742797](http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/2723372.2742797)
1. Daniel Blazevski: “[Planting Quadtrees for Apache Flink](http://insightdataengineering.com/blog/flink-knn/),” *insightdataengineering.com*, March 25, 2016.
1. Daniel Blazevski: “[Planting Quadtrees for Apache Flink](https://blog.insightdatascience.com/planting-quadtrees-for-apache-flink-b396ebc80d35),” *insightdataengineering.com*, March 25, 2016.
1. Tom White: “[Genome Analysis Toolkit: Now Using Apache Spark for Data Processing](https://web.archive.org/web/20190215132904/http://blog.cloudera.com/blog/2016/04/genome-analysis-toolkit-now-using-apache-spark-for-data-processing/),” *blog.cloudera.com*, April 6, 2016.

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## 参考文献
1. Tyler Akidau, Robert Bradshaw, Craig Chambers, et al.: “[The Dataflow Model: A Practical Approach to Balancing Correctness, Latency, and Cost in Massive-Scale, Unbounded, Out-of-Order Data Processing](http://www.vldb.org/pvldb/vol8/p1792-Akidau.pdf),” *Proceedings of the VLDB Endowment*, volume 8, number 12, pages 17921803, August 2015. [doi:10.14778/2824032.2824076](http://dx.doi.org/10.14778/2824032.2824076)
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1. Harold Abelson, Gerald Jay Sussman, and Julie Sussman: [*Structure and Interpretation of Computer Programs*](https://web.archive.org/web/20220807043536/https://mitpress.mit.edu/sites/default/files/sicp/index.html), 2nd edition. MIT Press, 1996. ISBN: 978-0-262-51087-5, available online at *mitpress.mit.edu*
1. Patrick Th. Eugster, Pascal A. Felber, Rachid Guerraoui, and Anne-Marie Kermarrec: “[The Many Faces of Publish/Subscribe](http://www.cs.ru.nl/~pieter/oss/manyfaces.pdf),” *ACM Computing Surveys*, volume 35, number 2, pages 114131, June 2003. [doi:10.1145/857076.857078](http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/857076.857078)
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1. Don Carney, Uğur Çetintemel, Mitch Cherniack, et al.: “[Monitoring Streams A New Class of Data Management Applications](http://www.vldb.org/conf/2002/S07P02.pdf),” at *28th International Conference on Very Large Data Bases* (VLDB), August 2002.
1. Matthew Sackman: “[Pushing Back](http://www.lshift.net/blog/2016/05/05/pushing-back/),” *lshift.net*, May 5, 2016.
1. Matthew Sackman: “[Pushing Back](https://wellquite.org/posts/lshift/pushing_back/),” *lshift.net*, May 5, 2016.
1. Vicent Martí: “[Brubeck, a statsd-Compatible Metrics Aggregator](http://githubengineering.com/brubeck/),” *githubengineering.com*, June 15, 2015.
1. Seth Lowenberger: “[MoldUDP64 Protocol Specification V 1.00](http://www.nasdaqtrader.com/content/technicalsupport/specifications/dataproducts/moldudp64.pdf),” *nasdaqtrader.com*, July 2009.
1. Pieter Hintjens: [*ZeroMQ The Guide*](http://zguide.zeromq.org/page:all). O'Reilly Media, 2013. ISBN: 978-1-449-33404-8
@ -738,10 +738,10 @@ Storm 的 Trident 基于类似的想法来处理状态【78】。依赖幂等性
1. Sanjay Aiyagari, Matthew Arrott, Mark Atwell, et al.: “[AMQP: Advanced Message Queuing Protocol Specification](http://www.rabbitmq.com/resources/specs/amqp0-9-1.pdf),” Version 0-9-1, November 2008.
1. “[Google Cloud Pub/Sub: A Google-Scale Messaging Service](https://cloud.google.com/pubsub/architecture),” *cloud.google.com*, 2016.
1. “[Apache Kafka 0.9 Documentation](http://kafka.apache.org/documentation.html),” *kafka.apache.org*, November 2015.
1. Jay Kreps, Neha Narkhede, and Jun Rao: “[Kafka: A Distributed Messaging System for Log Processing](http://www.longyu23.com/doc/Kafka.pdf),” at *6th International Workshop on Networking Meets Databases* (NetDB), June 2011.
1. Jay Kreps, Neha Narkhede, and Jun Rao: “[Kafka: A Distributed Messaging System for Log Processing](https://www.microsoft.com/en-us/research/wp-content/uploads/2017/09/Kafka.pdf),” at *6th International Workshop on Networking Meets Databases* (NetDB), June 2011.
1. “[Amazon Kinesis Streams Developer Guide](http://docs.aws.amazon.com/streams/latest/dev/introduction.html),” *docs.aws.amazon.com*, April 2016.
1. Leigh Stewart and Sijie Guo: “[Building DistributedLog: Twitters High-Performance Replicated Log Service](https://blog.twitter.com/2015/building-distributedlog-twitter-s-high-performance-replicated-log-service),” *blog.twitter.com*, September 16, 2015.
1. “[DistributedLog Documentation](https://bookkeeper.apache.org/distributedlog/docs/latest/),” Apache Software Foundation, *distributedlog.io*.
1. “[DistributedLog Documentation](https://web.archive.org/web/20210517201308/https://bookkeeper.apache.org/distributedlog/docs/latest/),” Apache Software Foundation, *distributedlog.io*.
1. Jay Kreps: “[Benchmarking Apache Kafka: 2 Million Writes Per Second (On Three Cheap Machines)](https://engineering.linkedin.com/kafka/benchmarking-apache-kafka-2-million-writes-second-three-cheap-machines),” *engineering.linkedin.com*, April 27, 2014.
1. Kartik Paramasivam: “[How Were Improving and Advancing Kafka at LinkedIn](https://engineering.linkedin.com/apache-kafka/how-we_re-improving-and-advancing-kafka-linkedin),” *engineering.linkedin.com*, September 2, 2015.
1. Jay Kreps: “[The Log: What Every Software Engineer Should Know About Real-Time Data's Unifying Abstraction](http://engineering.linkedin.com/distributed-systems/log-what-every-software-engineer-should-know-about-real-time-datas-unifying),” *engineering.linkedin.com*, December 16, 2013.
@ -750,16 +750,16 @@ Storm 的 Trident 基于类似的想法来处理状态【78】。依赖幂等性
1. P. P. S. Narayan: “[Sherpa Update](http://web.archive.org/web/20160801221400/https://developer.yahoo.com/blogs/ydn/sherpa-7992.html),” *developer.yahoo.com*, June 8, .
1. Martin Kleppmann: “[Bottled Water: Real-Time Integration of PostgreSQL and Kafka](http://martin.kleppmann.com/2015/04/23/bottled-water-real-time-postgresql-kafka.html),” *martin.kleppmann.com*, April 23, 2015.
1. Ben Osheroff: “[Introducing Maxwell, a mysql-to-kafka Binlog Processor](https://web.archive.org/web/20170208100334/https://developer.zendesk.com/blog/introducing-maxwell-a-mysql-to-kafka-binlog-processor),” *developer.zendesk.com*, August 20, 2015.
1. Randall Hauch: “[Debezium 0.2.1 Released](http://debezium.io/blog/2016/06/10/Debezium-0/),” *debezium.io*, June 10, 2016.
1. Randall Hauch: “[Debezium 0.2.1 Released](https://debezium.io/blog/2016/06/10/Debezium-0.2.1-Released/),” *debezium.io*, June 10, 2016.
1. Prem Santosh Udaya Shankar: “[Streaming MySQL Tables in Real-Time to Kafka](https://engineeringblog.yelp.com/2016/08/streaming-mysql-tables-in-real-time-to-kafka.html),” *engineeringblog.yelp.com*, August 1, 2016.
1. “[Mongoriver](https://github.com/stripe/mongoriver),” Stripe, Inc., *github.com*, September 2014.
1. Dan Harvey: “[Change Data Capture with Mongo + Kafka](http://www.slideshare.net/danharvey/change-data-capture-with-mongodb-and-kafka),” at *Hadoop Users Group UK*, August 2015.
1. “[Oracle GoldenGate 12c: Real-Time Access to Real-Time Information](http://www.oracle.com/us/products/middleware/data-integration/oracle-goldengate-realtime-access-2031152.pdf),” Oracle White Paper, March 2015.
1. “[Oracle GoldenGate 12c: Real-Time Access to Real-Time Information](https://web.archive.org/web/20160923105841/http://www.oracle.com/us/products/middleware/data-integration/oracle-goldengate-realtime-access-2031152.pdf),” Oracle White Paper, March 2015.
1. “[Oracle GoldenGate Fundamentals: How Oracle GoldenGate Works](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=6H9NibIiPQE),” Oracle Corporation, *youtube.com*, November 2012.
1. Slava Akhmechet: “[Advancing the Realtime Web](http://rethinkdb.com/blog/realtime-web/),” *rethinkdb.com*, January 27, 2015.
1. “[Firebase Realtime Database Documentation](https://firebase.google.com/docs/database/),” Google, Inc., *firebase.google.com*, May 2016.
1. “[Apache CouchDB 1.6 Documentation](http://docs.couchdb.org/en/latest/),” *docs.couchdb.org*, 2014.
1. Matt DeBergalis: “[Meteor 0.7.0: Scalable Database Queries Using MongoDB Oplog Instead of Poll-and-Diff](http://info.meteor.com/blog/meteor-070-scalable-database-queries-using-mongodb-oplog-instead-of-poll-and-diff),” *info.meteor.com*, December 17, 2013.
1. Matt DeBergalis: “[Meteor 0.7.0: Scalable Database Queries Using MongoDB Oplog Instead of Poll-and-Diff](https://web.archive.org/web/20160324055429/http://info.meteor.com/blog/meteor-070-scalable-database-queries-using-mongodb-oplog-instead-of-poll-and-diff),” *info.meteor.com*, December 17, 2013.
1. “[Chapter 15. Importing and Exporting Live Data](https://docs.voltdb.com/UsingVoltDB/ChapExport.php),” VoltDB 6.4 User Manual, *docs.voltdb.com*, June 2016.
1. Neha Narkhede: “[Announcing Kafka Connect: Building Large-Scale Low-Latency Data Pipelines](http://www.confluent.io/blog/announcing-kafka-connect-building-large-scale-low-latency-data-pipelines),” *confluent.io*, February 18, 2016.
1. Greg Young: “[CQRS and Event Sourcing](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=JHGkaShoyNs),” at *Code on the Beach*, August 2014.
@ -774,14 +774,14 @@ Storm 的 Trident 基于类似的想法来处理状态【78】。依赖幂等性
1. Timothy Griffin and Leonid Libkin: “[Incremental Maintenance of Views with Duplicates](http://homepages.inf.ed.ac.uk/libkin/papers/sigmod95.pdf),” at *ACM International Conference on Management of Data* (SIGMOD), May 1995. [doi:10.1145/223784.223849](http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/223784.223849)
1. Pat Helland: “[Immutability Changes Everything](http://cidrdb.org/cidr2015/Papers/CIDR15_Paper16.pdf),” at *7th Biennial Conference on Innovative Data Systems Research* (CIDR), January 2015.
1. Martin Kleppmann: “[Accounting for Computer Scientists](http://martin.kleppmann.com/2011/03/07/accounting-for-computer-scientists.html),” *martin.kleppmann.com*, March 7, 2011.
1. Pat Helland: “[Accountants Don't Use Erasers](https://blogs.msdn.microsoft.com/pathelland/2007/06/14/accountants-dont-use-erasers/),” *blogs.msdn.com*, June 14, 2007.
1. Pat Helland: “[Accountants Don't Use Erasers](https://web.archive.org/web/20200220161036/https://blogs.msdn.microsoft.com/pathelland/2007/06/14/accountants-dont-use-erasers/),” *blogs.msdn.com*, June 14, 2007.
1. Fangjin Yang: “[Dogfooding with Druid, Samza, and Kafka: Metametrics at Metamarkets](https://metamarkets.com/2015/dogfooding-with-druid-samza-and-kafka-metametrics-at-metamarkets/),” *metamarkets.com*, June 3, 2015.
1. Gavin Li, Jianqiu Lv, and Hang Qi: “[Pistachio: Co-Locate the Data and Compute for Fastest Cloud Compute](https://web.archive.org/web/20181214032620/https://yahoohadoop.tumblr.com/post/116365275781/pistachio-co-locate-the-data-and-compute-for),” *yahoohadoop.tumblr.com*, April 13, 2015.
1. Kartik Paramasivam: “[Stream Processing Hard Problems Part 1: Killing Lambda](https://engineering.linkedin.com/blog/2016/06/stream-processing-hard-problems-part-1-killing-lambda),” *engineering.linkedin.com*, June 27, 2016.
1. Martin Fowler: “[CQRS](http://martinfowler.com/bliki/CQRS.html),” *martinfowler.com*, July 14, 2011.
1. Greg Young: “[CQRS Documents](https://cqrs.files.wordpress.com/2010/11/cqrs_documents.pdf),” *cqrs.files.wordpress.com*, November 2010.
1. Baron Schwartz: “[Immutability, MVCC, and Garbage Collection](http://www.xaprb.com/blog/2013/12/28/immutability-mvcc-and-garbage-collection/),” *xaprb.com*, December 28, 2013.
1. Daniel Eloff, Slava Akhmechet, Jay Kreps, et al.: ["Re: Turning the Database Inside-out with Apache Samza](https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=9145197)," *Hacker News discussion, news.ycombinator.com*, March 4, 2015.
1. Baron Schwartz: “[Immutability, MVCC, and Garbage Collection](https://web.archive.org/web/20161110094746/http://www.xaprb.com/blog/2013/12/28/immutability-mvcc-and-garbage-collection/),” *xaprb.com*, December 28, 2013.
1. Daniel Eloff, Slava Akhmechet, Jay Kreps, et al.: ["Re: Turning the Database Inside-out with Apache Samza](https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=9145197)," Hacker News discussion, *news.ycombinator.com*, March 4, 2015.
1. “[Datomic Development Resources: Excision](http://docs.datomic.com/excision.html),” Cognitect, Inc., *docs.datomic.com*.
1. “[Fossil Documentation: Deleting Content from Fossil](http://fossil-scm.org/index.html/doc/trunk/www/shunning.wiki),” *fossil-scm.org*, 2016.
1. Jay Kreps: “[The irony of distributed systems is that data loss is really easy but deleting data is surprisingly hard,](https://twitter.com/jaykreps/status/582580836425330688)” *twitter.com*, March 30, 2015.
@ -790,11 +790,11 @@ Storm 的 Trident 基于类似的想法来处理状态【78】。依赖幂等性
1. Arvind Arasu, Shivnath Babu, and Jennifer Widom: “[The CQL Continuous Query Language: Semantic Foundations and Query Execution](https://www.microsoft.com/en-us/research/wp-content/uploads/2016/02/cql.pdf),” *The VLDB Journal*, volume 15, number 2, pages 121142, June 2006. [doi:10.1007/s00778-004-0147-z](http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00778-004-0147-z)
1. Julian Hyde: “[Data in Flight: How Streaming SQL Technology Can Help Solve the Web 2.0 Data Crunch](http://queue.acm.org/detail.cfm?id=1667562),” *ACM Queue*, volume 7, number 11, December 2009. [doi:10.1145/1661785.1667562](http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/1661785.1667562)
1. “[Esper Reference, Version 5.4.0](http://esper.espertech.com/release-5.4.0/esper-reference/html_single/index.html),” EsperTech, Inc., *espertech.com*, April 2016.
1. Zubair Nabi, Eric Bouillet, Andrew Bainbridge, and Chris Thomas: “[Of Streams and Storms](https://developer.ibm.com/streamsdev/wp-content/uploads/sites/15/2014/04/Streams-and-Storm-April-2014-Final.pdf),” IBM technical report, *developer.ibm.com*, April 2014.
1. Zubair Nabi, Eric Bouillet, Andrew Bainbridge, and Chris Thomas: “[Of Streams and Storms](https://web.archive.org/web/20170711081434/https://developer.ibm.com/streamsdev/wp-content/uploads/sites/15/2014/04/Streams-and-Storm-April-2014-Final.pdf),” IBM technical report, *developer.ibm.com*, April 2014.
1. Milinda Pathirage, Julian Hyde, Yi Pan, and Beth Plale: “[SamzaSQL: Scalable Fast Data Management with Streaming SQL](https://github.com/milinda/samzasql-hpbdc2016/blob/master/samzasql-hpbdc2016.pdf),” at *IEEE International Workshop on High-Performance Big Data Computing* (HPBDC), May 2016. [doi:10.1109/IPDPSW.2016.141](http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/IPDPSW.2016.141)
1. Philippe Flajolet, Éric Fusy, Olivier Gandouet, and Frédéric Meunier: “[HyperLogLog: The Analysis of a Near-Optimal Cardinality Estimation Algorithm](http://algo.inria.fr/flajolet/Publications/FlFuGaMe07.pdf),” at *Conference on Analysis of Algorithms* (AofA), June 2007.
1. Jay Kreps: “[Questioning the Lambda Architecture](https://www.oreilly.com/ideas/questioning-the-lambda-architecture),” *oreilly.com*, July 2, 2014.
1. Ian Hellström: “[An Overview of Apache Streaming Technologies](https://databaseline.wordpress.com/2016/03/12/an-overview-of-apache-streaming-technologies/),” *databaseline.wordpress.com*, March 12, 2016.
1. Ian Hellström: “[An Overview of Apache Streaming Technologies](https://databaseline.bitbucket.io/an-overview-of-apache-streaming-technologies/),” *databaseline.bitbucket.io*, March 12, 2016.
1. Jay Kreps: “[Why Local State Is a Fundamental Primitive in Stream Processing](https://www.oreilly.com/ideas/why-local-state-is-a-fundamental-primitive-in-stream-processing),” *oreilly.com*, July 31, 2014.
1. Shay Banon: “[Percolator](https://www.elastic.co/blog/percolator),” *elastic.co*, February 8, 2011.
1. Alan Woodward and Martin Kleppmann: “[Real-Time Full-Text Search with Luwak and Samza](http://martin.kleppmann.com/2015/04/13/real-time-full-text-search-luwak-samza.html),” *martin.kleppmann.com*, April 13, 2015.
@ -802,7 +802,7 @@ Storm 的 Trident 基于类似的想法来处理状态【78】。依赖幂等性
1. Tyler Akidau: “[The World Beyond Batch: Streaming 102](https://www.oreilly.com/ideas/the-world-beyond-batch-streaming-102),” *oreilly.com*, January 20, 2016.
1. Stephan Ewen: “[Streaming Analytics with Apache Flink](https://www.confluent.io/resources/kafka-summit-2016/advanced-streaming-analytics-apache-flink-apache-kafka/),” at *Kafka Summit*, April 2016.
1. Tyler Akidau, Alex Balikov, Kaya Bekiroğlu, et al.: “[MillWheel: Fault-Tolerant Stream Processing at Internet Scale](http://research.google.com/pubs/pub41378.html),” at *39th International Conference on Very Large Data Bases* (VLDB), August 2013.
1. Alex Dean: “[Improving Snowplow's Understanding of Time](http://snowplowanalytics.com/blog/2015/09/15/improving-snowplows-understanding-of-time/),” *snowplowanalytics.com*, September 15, 2015.
1. Alex Dean: “[Improving Snowplow's Understanding of Time](https://snowplow.io/blog/improving-snowplows-understanding-of-time/),” *snowplowanalytics.com*, September 15, 2015.
1. “[Windowing (Azure Stream Analytics)](https://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/azure/dn835019.aspx),” Microsoft Azure Reference, *msdn.microsoft.com*, April 2016.
1. “[State Management](http://samza.apache.org/learn/documentation/0.10/container/state-management.html),” Apache Samza 0.10 Documentation, *samza.apache.org*, December 2015.
1. Rajagopal Ananthanarayanan, Venkatesh Basker, Sumit Das, et al.: “[Photon: Fault-Tolerant and Scalable Joining of Continuous Data Streams](http://research.google.com/pubs/pub41318.html),” at *ACM International Conference on Management of Data* (SIGMOD), June 2013. [doi:10.1145/2463676.2465272](http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/2463676.2465272)
@ -815,9 +815,9 @@ Storm 的 Trident 基于类似的想法来处理状态【78】。依赖幂等性
1. Kostas Tzoumas, Stephan Ewen, and Robert Metzger: “[High-Throughput, Low-Latency, and Exactly-Once Stream Processing with Apache Flink](https://www.ververica.com/blog/high-throughput-low-latency-and-exactly-once-stream-processing-with-apache-flink),” *ververica.com*, August 5, 2015.
1. Paris Carbone, Gyula Fóra, Stephan Ewen, et al.: “[Lightweight Asynchronous Snapshots for Distributed Dataflows](http://arxiv.org/abs/1506.08603),” arXiv:1506.08603 [cs.DC], June 29, 2015.
1. Ryan Betts and John Hugg: [*Fast Data: Smart and at Scale*](http://www.oreilly.com/data/free/fast-data-smart-and-at-scale.csp). Report, O'Reilly Media, October 2015.
1. Flavio Junqueira: “[Making Sense of Exactly-Once Semantics](http://conferences.oreilly.com/strata/hadoop-big-data-eu/public/schedule/detail/49690),” at *Strata+Hadoop World London*, June 2016.
1. Flavio Junqueira: “[Making Sense of Exactly-Once Semantics](https://web.archive.org/web/20160812172900/http://conferences.oreilly.com/strata/hadoop-big-data-eu/public/schedule/detail/49690),” at *Strata+Hadoop World London*, June 2016.
1. Jason Gustafson, Flavio Junqueira, Apurva Mehta, Sriram Subramanian, and Guozhang Wang: “[KIP-98 Exactly Once Delivery and Transactional Messaging](https://cwiki.apache.org/confluence/display/KAFKA/KIP-98+-+Exactly+Once+Delivery+and+Transactional+Messaging),” *cwiki.apache.org*, November 2016.
1. Pat Helland: “[Idempotence Is Not a Medical Condition](http://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/download?doi=10.1.1.401.1539&rep=rep1&type=pdf),” *Communications of the ACM*, volume 55, number 5, page 56, May 2012. [doi:10.1145/2160718.2160734](http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/2160718.2160734)
1. Pat Helland: “[Idempotence Is Not a Medical Condition](https://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/document?repid=rep1&type=pdf&doi=4b6dda7fe75b51e1c543a87ca7b3b322fbf55614),” *Communications of the ACM*, volume 55, number 5, page 56, May 2012. [doi:10.1145/2160718.2160734](http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/2160718.2160734)
1. Jay Kreps: “[Re: Trying to Achieve Deterministic Behavior on Recovery/Rewind](http://mail-archives.apache.org/mod_mbox/samza-dev/201409.mbox/%3CCAOeJiJg%2Bc7Ei%3DgzCuOz30DD3G5Hm9yFY%3DUJ6SafdNUFbvRgorg%40mail.gmail.com%3E),” email to *samza-dev* mailing list, September 9, 2014.
1. E. N. (Mootaz) Elnozahy, Lorenzo Alvisi, Yi-Min Wang, and David B. Johnson: “[A Survey of Rollback-Recovery Protocols in Message-Passing Systems](http://www.cs.utexas.edu/~lorenzo/papers/SurveyFinal.pdf),” *ACM Computing Surveys*, volume 34, number 3, pages 375408, September 2002. [doi:10.1145/568522.568525](http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/568522.568525)
1. Adam Warski: “[Kafka Streams How Does It Fit the Stream Processing Landscape?](https://softwaremill.com/kafka-streams-how-does-it-fit-stream-landscape/),” *softwaremill.com*, June 1, 2016.

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@ -890,15 +890,15 @@ ACID 意义下的一致性(请参阅 “[一致性](ch7.md#一致性)”)基
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1. Jay Kreps: “[Questioning the Lambda Architecture](https://www.oreilly.com/ideas/questioning-the-lambda-architecture),” *oreilly.com*, July 2, 2014.
@ -906,8 +906,8 @@ ACID 意义下的一致性(请参阅 “[一致性](ch7.md#一致性)”)基
1. Dennis M. Ritchie and Ken Thompson: “[The UNIX Time-Sharing System](http://web.eecs.utk.edu/~qcao1/cs560/papers/paper-unix.pdf),” *Communications of the ACM*, volume 17, number 7, pages 365375, July 1974. [doi:10.1145/361011.361061](http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/361011.361061)
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@ -929,7 +929,7 @@ ACID 意义下的一致性(请参阅 “[一致性](ch7.md#一致性)”)基
1. Patrick Th. Eugster, Pascal A. Felber, Rachid Guerraoui, and Anne-Marie Kermarrec: “[The Many Faces of Publish/Subscribe](http://www.cs.ru.nl/~pieter/oss/manyfaces.pdf),” *ACM Computing Surveys*, volume 35, number 2, pages 114131, June 2003. [doi:10.1145/857076.857078](http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/857076.857078)
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@ -958,13 +958,13 @@ ACID 意义下的一致性(请参阅 “[一致性](ch7.md#一致性)”)基
1. Jay Kreps: “[Getting Real About Distributed System Reliability](http://blog.empathybox.com/post/19574936361/getting-real-about-distributed-system-reliability),” *blog.empathybox.com*, March 19, 2012.
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@ -974,10 +974,10 @@ ACID 意义下的一致性(请参阅 “[一致性](ch7.md#一致性)”)基
1. Leigh Alexander: “[Is an Algorithm Any Less Racist Than a Human?](https://www.theguardian.com/technology/2016/aug/03/algorithm-racist-human-employers-work)” *theguardian.com*, August 3, 2016.
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1. Cathy O'Neil: [*Weapons of Math Destruction: How Big Data Increases Inequality and Threatens Democracy*](https://weaponsofmathdestructionbook.com/). Crown Publishing, 2016. ISBN: 978-0-553-41881-1
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@ -986,10 +986,10 @@ ACID 意义下的一致性(请参阅 “[一致性](ch7.md#一致性)”)基
1. Bruce Schneier: [*Data and Goliath: The Hidden Battles to Collect Your Data and Control Your World*](https://www.schneier.com/books/data_and_goliath/). W. W. Norton, 2015. ISBN: 978-0-393-35217-7
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1. Cory Scott: “[Data is not toxic - which implies no benefit - but rather hazardous material, where we must balance need vs. want](https://twitter.com/cory_scott/status/706586399483437056),” *twitter.com*, March 6, 2016.
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@ -945,11 +945,11 @@ Cypher 和 SPARQL 使用 SELECT 立即跳转,但是 Datalog 一次只进行一
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1. Joseph M. Hellerstein, Michael Stonebraker, and James Hamilton: “[Architecture of a Database System](http://db.cs.berkeley.edu/papers/fntdb07-architecture.pdf),” *Foundations and Trends in Databases*, volume 1, number 2, pages 141259, November 2007. [doi:10.1561/1900000002](http://dx.doi.org/10.1561/1900000002)
1. Sandeep Parikh and Kelly Stirman: “[Schema Design for Time Series Data in MongoDB](http://blog.mongodb.org/post/65517193370/schema-design-for-time-series-data-in-mongodb),” *blog.mongodb.org*, October 30, 2013.
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@ -959,9 +959,9 @@ Cypher 和 SPARQL 使用 SELECT 立即跳转,但是 Datalog 一次只进行一
1. Rany Keddo, Tobias Bielohlawek, and Tobias Schmidt: “[Large Hadron Migrator](https://github.com/soundcloud/lhm),” SoundCloud, 2013.
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1. Joseph M. Hellerstein: “[The Declarative Imperative: Experiences and Conjectures in Distributed Logic](http://www.eecs.berkeley.edu/Pubs/TechRpts/2010/EECS-2010-90.pdf),” Electrical Engineering and Computer Sciences, University of California at Berkeley, Tech report UCB/EECS-2010-90, June 2010.
1. Jeffrey Dean and Sanjay Ghemawat: “[MapReduce: Simplified Data Processing on Large Clusters](https://research.google/pubs/pub62/),” at *6th USENIX Symposium on Operating System Design and Implementation* (OSDI), December 2004.

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@ -612,8 +612,8 @@ WHERE product_sk = 31 AND store_sk = 3
1. Alfred V. Aho, John E. Hopcroft, and Jeffrey D. Ullman: *Data Structures and Algorithms*. Addison-Wesley, 1983. ISBN: 978-0-201-00023-8
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1. Justin Sheehy and David Smith: “[Bitcask: A Log-Structured Hash Table for Fast Key/Value Data](https://riak.com/assets/bitcask-intro.pdf),” Basho Technologies, April 2010.
1. Yinan Li, Bingsheng He, Robin Jun Yang, et al.: “[Tree Indexing on Solid State Drives](http://www.vldb.org/pvldb/vldb2010/papers/R106.pdf),” *Proceedings of the VLDB Endowment*, volume 3, number 1, pages 11951206, September 2010.
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@ -624,23 +624,23 @@ WHERE product_sk = 31 AND store_sk = 3
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@ -649,13 +649,13 @@ WHERE product_sk = 31 AND store_sk = 3
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@ -664,7 +664,7 @@ WHERE product_sk = 31 AND store_sk = 3
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## 参考文献
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1. Heidi Howard, Dahlia Malkhi, and Alexander Spiegelman: “[Flexible Paxos: Quorum Intersection Revisited](https://arxiv.org/abs/1608.06696),” *arXiv:1608.06696*, August 24, 2016.
1. Joseph Blomstedt: “[Re: Absolute Consistency](https://web.archive.org/web/20190919171316/http://lists.basho.com:80/pipermail/riak-users_lists.basho.com/2012-January/007157.html),” email to *riak-users* mailing list, *lists.basho.com*, January 11, 2012.
1. Joseph Blomstedt: “[Bringing Consistency to Riak](https://vimeo.com/51973001),” at *RICON West*, October 2012.
1. Peter Bailis, Shivaram Venkataraman, Michael J. Franklin, et al.: “[Quantifying Eventual Consistency with PBS](http://www.bailis.org/papers/pbs-cacm2014.pdf),” *Communications of the ACM*, volume 57, number 8, pages 93102, August 2014. [doi:10.1145/2632792](http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/2632792)
@ -822,8 +822,8 @@ LWW 实现了最终收敛的目标,但以 **持久性** 为代价:如果同
1. “[Riak Enterprise: Multi-Datacenter Replication](https://web.archive.org/web/20150513041837/http://basho.com/assets/MultiDatacenter_Replication.pdf).” Technical whitepaper, Basho Technologies, Inc., September 2014.
1. Jonathan Ellis: “[Why Cassandra Doesn't Need Vector Clocks](http://www.datastax.com/dev/blog/why-cassandra-doesnt-need-vector-clocks),” *datastax.com*, September 2, 2013.
1. Leslie Lamport: “[Time, Clocks, and the Ordering of Events in a Distributed System](https://www.microsoft.com/en-us/research/publication/time-clocks-ordering-events-distributed-system/),” *Communications of the ACM*, volume 21, number 7, pages 558565, July 1978. [doi:10.1145/359545.359563](http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/359545.359563)
1. Joel Jacobson: “[Riak 2.0: Data Types](https://web.archive.org/web/20161023195905/http://blog.joeljacobson.com/riak-2-0-data-types/),” *blog.joeljacobson.com*, March 23, 2014.
1. D. Stott Parker Jr., Gerald J. Popek, Gerard Rudisin, et al.: “[Detection of Mutual Inconsistency in Distributed Systems](http://zoo.cs.yale.edu/classes/cs426/2013/bib/parker83detection.pdf),” *IEEE Transactions on Software Engineering*, volume 9, number 3, pages 240247, May 1983. [doi:10.1109/TSE.1983.236733](http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/TSE.1983.236733)
1. Joel Jacobson: “[Riak 2.0: Data Types](https://web.archive.org/web/20160327135816/http://blog.joeljacobson.com/riak-2-0-data-types/),” *blog.joeljacobson.com*, March 23, 2014.
1. D. Stott Parker Jr., Gerald J. Popek, Gerard Rudisin, et al.: “[Detection of Mutual Inconsistency in Distributed Systems](https://web.archive.org/web/20170808212704/https://zoo.cs.yale.edu/classes/cs426/2013/bib/parker83detection.pdf),” *IEEE Transactions on Software Engineering*, volume 9, number 3, pages 240247, May 1983. [doi:10.1109/TSE.1983.236733](http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/TSE.1983.236733)
1. Nuno Preguiça, Carlos Baquero, Paulo Sérgio Almeida, et al.: “[Dotted Version Vectors: Logical Clocks for Optimistic Replication](http://arxiv.org/pdf/1011.5808v1.pdf),” arXiv:1011.5808, November 26, 2010.
1. Sean Cribbs: “[A Brief History of Time in Riak](https://speakerdeck.com/seancribbs/a-brief-history-of-time-in-riak),” at *RICON*, October 2014.
1. Russell Brown: “[Vector Clocks Revisited Part 2: Dotted Version Vectors](https://riak.com/posts/technical/vector-clocks-revisited-part-2-dotted-version-vectors/),” *basho.com*, November 10, 2015.

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@ -325,14 +325,14 @@ Couchbase 不会自动进行再平衡,这简化了设计。通常情况下,
## 参考文献
1. David J. DeWitt and Jim N. Gray: “[Parallel Database Systems: The Future of High Performance Database Systems](),” *Communications of the ACM*, volume 35, number 6, pages 8598, June 1992. [doi:10.1145/129888.129894](http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/129888.129894)
1. David J. DeWitt and Jim N. Gray: “[Parallel Database Systems: The Future of High Performance Database Systems](http://www.cs.cmu.edu/~pavlo/courses/fall2013/static/papers/dewittgray92.pdf),” *Communications of the ACM*, volume 35, number 6, pages 8598, June 1992. [doi:10.1145/129888.129894](http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/129888.129894)
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1. MongoDB, Inc.: “[New Hash-Based Sharding Feature in MongoDB 2.4](https://web.archive.org/web/20230610080235/https://www.mongodb.com/blog/post/new-hash-based-sharding-feature-in-mongodb-24),” *blog.mongodb.org*, April 10, 2013.
1. Ikai Lan: “[App Engine Datastore Tip: Monotonically Increasing Values Are Bad](http://ikaisays.com/2011/01/25/app-engine-datastore-tip-monotonically-increasing-values-are-bad/),” *ikaisays.com*, January 25, 2011.
1. Martin Kleppmann: “[Java's hashCode Is Not Safe for Distributed Systems](http://martin.kleppmann.com/2012/06/18/java-hashcode-unsafe-for-distributed-systems.html),” *martin.kleppmann.com*, June 18, 2012.
1. David Karger, Eric Lehman, Tom Leighton, et al.: “[Consistent Hashing and Random Trees: Distributed Caching Protocols for Relieving Hot Spots on the World Wide Web](http://www.akamai.com/dl/technical_publications/ConsistenHashingandRandomTreesDistributedCachingprotocolsforrelievingHotSpotsontheworldwideweb.pdf),” at *29th Annual ACM Symposium on Theory of Computing* (STOC), pages 654663, 1997. [doi:10.1145/258533.258660](http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/258533.258660)
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1. David Karger, Eric Lehman, Tom Leighton, et al.: “[Consistent Hashing and Random Trees: Distributed Caching Protocols for Relieving Hot Spots on the World Wide Web](https://www.akamai.com/site/en/documents/research-paper/consistent-hashing-and-random-trees-distributed-caching-protocols-for-relieving-hot-spots-on-the-world-wide-web-technical-publication.pdf),” at *29th Annual ACM Symposium on Theory of Computing* (STOC), pages 654663, 1997. [doi:10.1145/258533.258660](http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/258533.258660)
1. John Lamping and Eric Veach: “[A Fast, Minimal Memory, Consistent Hash Algorithm](http://arxiv.org/pdf/1406.2294.pdf),” *arxiv.org*, June 2014.
1. Eric Redmond: “[A Little Riak Book](https://web.archive.org/web/20160807123307/http://www.littleriakbook.com/),” Version 1.4.0, Basho Technologies, September 2013.
1. “[Couchbase 2.5 Administrator Guide](http://docs.couchbase.com/couchbase-manual-2.5/cb-admin/),” Couchbase, Inc., 2014.
1. Avinash Lakshman and Prashant Malik: “[Cassandra A Decentralized Structured Storage System](http://www.cs.cornell.edu/Projects/ladis2009/papers/Lakshman-ladis2009.PDF),” at *3rd ACM SIGOPS International Workshop on Large Scale Distributed Systems and Middleware* (LADIS), October 2009.
@ -348,8 +348,8 @@ Couchbase 不会自动进行再平衡,这简化了设计。通常情况下,
1. Rusty Klophaus: “[Difference Between 2I and Search](https://web.archive.org/web/20150926053350/http://lists.basho.com/pipermail/riak-users_lists.basho.com/2011-October/006220.html),” email to *riak-users* mailing list, *lists.basho.com*, October 25, 2011.
1. Donald K. Burleson: “[Object Partitioning in Oracle](http://www.dba-oracle.com/art_partit.htm),”*dba-oracle.com*, November 8, 2000.
1. Eric Evans: “[Rethinking Topology in Cassandra](http://www.slideshare.net/jericevans/virtual-nodes-rethinking-topology-in-cassandra),” at *ApacheCon Europe*, November 2012.
1. Rafał Kuć: “[Reroute API Explained](http://elasticsearchserverbook.com/reroute-api-explained/),” *elasticsearchserverbook.com*, September 30, 2013.
1. “[Project Voldemort Documentation](http://www.project-voldemort.com/voldemort/),” *project-voldemort.com*.
1. Rafał Kuć: “[Reroute API Explained](https://web.archive.org/web/20190706215750/http://elasticsearchserverbook.com/reroute-api-explained/),” *elasticsearchserverbook.com*, September 30, 2013.
1. “[Project Voldemort Documentation](https://web.archive.org/web/20250107145644/http://www.project-voldemort.com/voldemort/),” *project-voldemort.com*.
1. Enis Soztutar: “[Apache HBase Region Splitting and Merging](http://hortonworks.com/blog/apache-hbase-region-splitting-and-merging/),” *hortonworks.com*, February 1, 2013.
1. Brandon Williams: “[Virtual Nodes in Cassandra 1.2](http://www.datastax.com/dev/blog/virtual-nodes-in-cassandra-1-2),” *datastax.com*, December 4, 2012.
1. Richard Jones: “[libketama: Consistent Hashing Library for Memcached Clients](https://www.metabrew.com/article/libketama-consistent-hashing-algo-memcached-clients),” *metabrew.com*, April 10, 2007.
@ -357,7 +357,7 @@ Couchbase 不会自动进行再平衡,这简化了设计。通常情况下,
1. Jason Wilder: “[Open-Source Service Discovery](http://jasonwilder.com/blog/2014/02/04/service-discovery-in-the-cloud/),” *jasonwilder.com*, February 2014.
1. Kishore Gopalakrishna, Shi Lu, Zhen Zhang, et al.: “[Untangling Cluster Management with Helix](http://www.socc2012.org/helix_onecol.pdf?attredirects=0),” at *ACM Symposium on Cloud Computing* (SoCC), October 2012. [doi:10.1145/2391229.2391248](http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/2391229.2391248)
1. “[Moxi 1.8 Manual](http://docs.couchbase.com/moxi-manual-1.8/),” Couchbase, Inc., 2014.
1. Shivnath Babu and Herodotos Herodotou: “[Massively Parallel Databases and MapReduce Systems](https://www.microsoft.com/en-us/research/wp-content/uploads/2013/11/db-mr-survey-final.pdf),” *Foundations and Trends in Databases*, volume 5, number 1, pages 1104, November 2013.[doi:10.1561/1900000036](http://dx.doi.org/10.1561/1900000036)
1. Shivnath Babu and Herodotos Herodotou: “[Massively Parallel Databases and MapReduce Systems](https://www.microsoft.com/en-us/research/wp-content/uploads/2013/11/db-mr-survey-final.pdf),” *Foundations and Trends in Databases*, volume 5, number 1, pages 1104, November 2013. [doi:10.1561/1900000036](http://dx.doi.org/10.1561/1900000036)
------

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@ -878,16 +878,16 @@ WHERE room_id = 123 AND
## 参考文献
1. Donald D. Chamberlin, Morton M. Astrahan, Michael W. Blasgen, et al.: “[A History and Evaluation of System R](http://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/download?doi=10.1.1.84.348&rep=rep1&type=pdf),” *Communications of the ACM*, volume 24, number 10, pages 632646, October 1981. [doi:10.1145/358769.358784](http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/358769.358784)
1. Jim N. Gray, Raymond A. Lorie, Gianfranco R. Putzolu, and Irving L. Traiger: “[Granularity of Locks and Degrees of Consistency in a Shared Data Base](http://citeseer.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/download?doi=10.1.1.92.8248&rep=rep1&type=pdf),” in *Modelling in Data Base Management Systems: Proceedings of the IFIP Working Conference on Modelling in Data Base Management Systems*, edited by G. M. Nijssen, pages 364394, Elsevier/North Holland Publishing, 1976. Also in *Readings in Database Systems*, 4th edition, edited by Joseph M. Hellerstein and Michael Stonebraker, MIT Press, 2005. ISBN: 978-0-262-69314-1
1. Donald D. Chamberlin, Morton M. Astrahan, Michael W. Blasgen, et al.: “[A History and Evaluation of System R](https://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/pdf/ebb29a0ca16e04e7eeb6b606b22a9eadb3a9d531),” *Communications of the ACM*, volume 24, number 10, pages 632646, October 1981. [doi:10.1145/358769.358784](http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/358769.358784)
1. Jim N. Gray, Raymond A. Lorie, Gianfranco R. Putzolu, and Irving L. Traiger: “[Granularity of Locks and Degrees of Consistency in a Shared Data Base](https://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/pdf/e127f0a6a912bb9150ecfe03c0ebf7fbc289a023),” in *Modelling in Data Base Management Systems: Proceedings of the IFIP Working Conference on Modelling in Data Base Management Systems*, edited by G. M. Nijssen, pages 364394, Elsevier/North Holland Publishing, 1976. Also in *Readings in Database Systems*, 4th edition, edited by Joseph M. Hellerstein and Michael Stonebraker, MIT Press, 2005. ISBN: 978-0-262-69314-1
1. Kapali P. Eswaran, Jim N. Gray, Raymond A. Lorie, and Irving L. Traiger: “[The Notions of Consistency and Predicate Locks in a Database System](http://research.microsoft.com/en-us/um/people/gray/papers/On%20the%20Notions%20of%20Consistency%20and%20Predicate%20Locks%20in%20a%20Database%20System%20CACM.pdf),” *Communications of the ACM*, volume 19, number 11, pages 624633, November 1976.
1. “[ACID Transactions Are Incredibly Helpful](http://web.archive.org/web/20150320053809/https://foundationdb.com/acid-claims),” FoundationDB, LLC, 2013.
1. John D. Cook: “[ACID Versus BASE for Database Transactions](http://www.johndcook.com/blog/2009/07/06/brewer-cap-theorem-base/),” *johndcook.com*, July 6, 2009.
1. Gavin Clarke: “[NoSQL's CAP Theorem Busters: We Don't Drop ACID](http://www.theregister.co.uk/2012/11/22/foundationdb_fear_of_cap_theorem/),” *theregister.co.uk*, November 22, 2012.
1. Theo Härder and Andreas Reuter: “[Principles of Transaction-Oriented Database Recovery](http://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/download?doi=10.1.1.87.2812&rep=rep1&type=pdf),” *ACM Computing Surveys*, volume 15, number 4, pages 287317, December 1983. [doi:10.1145/289.291](http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/289.291)
1. Theo Härder and Andreas Reuter: “[Principles of Transaction-Oriented Database Recovery](https://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/pdf/11ef7c142295aeb1a28a0e714c91fc8d610c3047),” *ACM Computing Surveys*, volume 15, number 4, pages 287317, December 1983. [doi:10.1145/289.291](http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/289.291)
1. Peter Bailis, Alan Fekete, Ali Ghodsi, et al.: “[HAT, not CAP: Towards Highly Available Transactions](http://www.bailis.org/papers/hat-hotos2013.pdf),” at *14th USENIX Workshop on Hot Topics in Operating Systems* (HotOS), May 2013.
1. Armando Fox, Steven D. Gribble, Yatin Chawathe, et al.: “[Cluster-Based Scalable Network Services](http://www.cs.berkeley.edu/~brewer/cs262b/TACC.pdf),” at *16th ACM Symposium on Operating Systems Principles* (SOSP), October 1997.
1. Philip A. Bernstein, Vassos Hadzilacos, and Nathan Goodman: [*Concurrency Control and Recovery in Database Systems*](http://research.microsoft.com/en-us/people/philbe/ccontrol.aspx). Addison-Wesley, 1987. ISBN: 978-0-201-10715-9, available online at *research.microsoft.com*.
1. Armando Fox, Steven D. Gribble, Yatin Chawathe, et al.: “[Cluster-Based Scalable Network Services](https://people.eecs.berkeley.edu/~brewer/cs262b/TACC.pdf),” at *16th ACM Symposium on Operating Systems Principles* (SOSP), October 1997.
1. Philip A. Bernstein, Vassos Hadzilacos, and Nathan Goodman: [*Concurrency Control and Recovery in Database Systems*](https://www.microsoft.com/en-us/research/people/philbe/book/). Addison-Wesley, 1987. ISBN: 978-0-201-10715-9, available online at *research.microsoft.com*.
1. Alan Fekete, Dimitrios Liarokapis, Elizabeth O'Neil, et al.: “[Making Snapshot Isolation Serializable](https://www.cse.iitb.ac.in/infolab/Data/Courses/CS632/2009/Papers/p492-fekete.pdf),” *ACM Transactions on Database Systems*, volume 30, number 2, pages 492528, June 2005. [doi:10.1145/1071610.1071615](http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/1071610.1071615)
1. Mai Zheng, Joseph Tucek, Feng Qin, and Mark Lillibridge: “[Understanding the Robustness of SSDs Under Power Fault](https://www.usenix.org/system/files/conference/fast13/fast13-final80.pdf),” at *11th USENIX Conference on File and Storage Technologies* (FAST), February 2013.
1. Laurie Denness: “[SSDs: A Gift and a Curse](https://laur.ie/blog/2015/06/ssds-a-gift-and-a-curse/),” *laur.ie*, June 2, 2015.
@ -904,25 +904,25 @@ WHERE room_id = 123 AND
1. Tristan D'Agosta: “[BTC Stolen from Poloniex](https://bitcointalk.org/index.php?topic=499580),” *bitcointalk.org*, March 4, 2014.
1. bitcointhief2: “[How I Stole Roughly 100 BTC from an Exchange and How I Could Have Stolen More!](http://www.reddit.com/r/Bitcoin/comments/1wtbiu/how_i_stole_roughly_100_btc_from_an_exchange_and/),” *reddit.com*, February 2, 2014.
1. Sudhir Jorwekar, Alan Fekete, Krithi Ramamritham, and S. Sudarshan: “[Automating the Detection of Snapshot Isolation Anomalies](http://www.vldb.org/conf/2007/papers/industrial/p1263-jorwekar.pdf),” at *33rd International Conference on Very Large Data Bases* (VLDB), September 2007.
1. Michael Melanson: “[Transactions: The Limits of Isolation](https://www.michaelmelanson.net/transactions-the-limits-of-isolation/),” *michaelmelanson.net*, November 30, 2014.
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1. Hal Berenson, Philip A. Bernstein, Jim N. Gray, et al.: “[A Critique of ANSI SQL Isolation Levels](https://www.microsoft.com/en-us/research/wp-content/uploads/2016/02/tr-95-51.pdf),” at *ACM International Conference on Management of Data* (SIGMOD), May 1995.
1. Atul Adya: “[Weak Consistency: A Generalized Theory and Optimistic Implementations for Distributed Transactions](http://pmg.csail.mit.edu/papers/adya-phd.pdf),” PhD Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, March 1999.
1. Peter Bailis, Aaron Davidson, Alan Fekete, et al.: “[Highly Available Transactions: Virtues and Limitations (Extended Version)](http://arxiv.org/pdf/1302.0309.pdf),” at *40th International Conference on Very Large Data Bases* (VLDB), September 2014.
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1. Annamalai Gurusami: “[Repeatable Read Isolation Level in InnoDB How Consistent Read View Works](https://web.archive.org/web/20161225080947/https://blogs.oracle.com/mysqlinnodb/entry/repeatable_read_isolation_level_in),” *blogs.oracle.com*, January 15, 2013.
1. Nikita Prokopov: “[Unofficial Guide to Datomic Internals](http://tonsky.me/blog/unofficial-guide-to-datomic-internals/),” *tonsky.me*, May 6, 2014.
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1. J. Chris Anderson, Jan Lehnardt, and Noah Slater: *CouchDB: The Definitive Guide*. O'Reilly Media, 2010. ISBN: 978-0-596-15589-6
1. Rikdeb Mukherjee: “[Isolation in DB2 (Repeatable Read, Read Stability, Cursor Stability, Uncommitted Read) with Examples](http://mframes.blogspot.co.uk/2013/07/isolation-in-cursor.html),” *mframes.blogspot.co.uk*, July 4, 2013.
1. Steve Hilker: “[Cursor Stability (CS) IBM DB2 Community](https://web.archive.org/web/20150420001721/http://www.toadworld.com/platforms/ibmdb2/w/wiki/6661.cursor-stability-cs.aspx),” *toadworld.com*, March 14, 2013.
1. Nate Wiger: “[An Atomic Rant](https://nateware.com/2010/02/18/an-atomic-rant/),” *nateware.com*, February 18, 2010.
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1. Michael J. Cahill, Uwe Röhm, and Alan Fekete: “[Serializable Isolation for Snapshot Databases](http://www.cs.nyu.edu/courses/fall12/CSCI-GA.2434-001/p729-cahill.pdf),” at *ACM International Conference on Management of Data* (SIGMOD), June 2008. [doi:10.1145/1376616.1376690](http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/1376616.1376690)
1. Joel Jacobson: “[Riak 2.0: Data Types](https://web.archive.org/web/20160327135816/http://blog.joeljacobson.com/riak-2-0-data-types/),” *blog.joeljacobson.com*, March 23, 2014.
1. Michael J. Cahill, Uwe Röhm, and Alan Fekete: “[Serializable Isolation for Snapshot Databases](https://web.archive.org/web/20200709144151/https://cs.nyu.edu/courses/Fall12/CSCI-GA.2434-001/p729-cahill.pdf),” at *ACM International Conference on Management of Data* (SIGMOD), June 2008. [doi:10.1145/1376616.1376690](http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/1376616.1376690)
1. Dan R. K. Ports and Kevin Grittner: “[Serializable Snapshot Isolation in PostgreSQL](http://drkp.net/papers/ssi-vldb12.pdf),” at *38th International Conference on Very Large Databases* (VLDB), August 2012.
1. Tony Andrews: “[Enforcing Complex Constraints in Oracle](http://tonyandrews.blogspot.co.uk/2004/10/enforcing-complex-constraints-in.html),” *tonyandrews.blogspot.co.uk*, October 15, 2004.
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1. Douglas B. Terry, Marvin M. Theimer, Karin Petersen, et al.: “[Managing Update Conflicts in Bayou, a Weakly Connected Replicated Storage System](https://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/pdf/20c450f099b661c5a2dff3f348773a0d1af1b09b),” at *15th ACM Symposium on Operating Systems Principles* (SOSP), December 1995. [doi:10.1145/224056.224070](http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/224056.224070)
1. Gary Fredericks: “[Postgres Serializability Bug](https://github.com/gfredericks/pg-serializability-bug),” *github.com*, September 2015.
1. Michael Stonebraker, Samuel Madden, Daniel J. Abadi, et al.: “[The End of an Architectural Era (Its Time for a Complete Rewrite)](http://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/download?doi=10.1.1.137.3697&rep=rep1&type=pdf),” at *33rd International Conference on Very Large Data Bases* (VLDB), September 2007.
1. Michael Stonebraker, Samuel Madden, Daniel J. Abadi, et al.: “[The End of an Architectural Era (Its Time for a Complete Rewrite)](https://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/pdf/775d54c66d271028a7d4dadf07cce6f918584cd3),” at *33rd International Conference on Very Large Data Bases* (VLDB), September 2007.
1. John Hugg: “[H-Store/VoltDB Architecture vs. CEP Systems and Newer Streaming Architectures](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=hD5M4a1UVz8),” at *Data @Scale Boston*, November 2014.
1. Robert Kallman, Hideaki Kimura, Jonathan Natkins, et al.: “[H-Store: A High-Performance, Distributed Main Memory Transaction Processing System](http://www.vldb.org/pvldb/vol1/1454211.pdf),” *Proceedings of the VLDB Endowment*, volume 1, number 2, pages 14961499, August 2008.
1. Rich Hickey: “[The Architecture of Datomic](http://www.infoq.com/articles/Architecture-Datomic),” *infoq.com*, November 2, 2012.

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@ -657,15 +657,15 @@ Web 应用程序确实需要预期受终端用户控制的客户端(如 Web
1. Mark Cavage: “[Theres Just No Getting Around It: Youre Building a Distributed System](http://queue.acm.org/detail.cfm?id=2482856),” *ACM Queue*, volume 11, number 4, pages 80-89, April 2013. [doi:10.1145/2466486.2482856](http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/2466486.2482856)
1. Jay Kreps: “[Getting Real About Distributed System Reliability](http://blog.empathybox.com/post/19574936361/getting-real-about-distributed-system-reliability),” *blog.empathybox.com*, March 19, 2012.
1. Sydney Padua: *The Thrilling Adventures of Lovelace and Babbage: The (Mostly) True Story of the First Computer*. Particular Books, April ISBN: 978-0-141-98151-2
1. Sydney Padua: *The Thrilling Adventures of Lovelace and Babbage: The (Mostly) True Story of the First Computer*. Particular Books, April 2015. ISBN: 978-0-141-98151-2
1. Coda Hale: “[You Cant Sacrifice Partition Tolerance](http://codahale.com/you-cant-sacrifice-partition-tolerance/),” *codahale.com*, October 7, 2010.
1. Jeff Hodges: “[Notes on Distributed Systems for Young Bloods](https://web.archive.org/web/20200218095605/https://www.somethingsimilar.com/2013/01/14/notes-on-distributed-systems-for-young-bloods/),” *somethingsimilar.com*, January 14, 2013.
1. Antonio Regalado: “[Who Coined 'Cloud Computing’?](http://www.technologyreview.com/news/425970/who-coined-cloud-computing/),” *technologyreview.com*, October 31, 2011.
1. Luiz André Barroso, Jimmy Clidaras, and Urs Hölzle: “[The Datacenter as a Computer: An Introduction to the Design of Warehouse-Scale Machines, Second Edition](http://www.morganclaypool.com/doi/abs/10.2200/S00516ED2V01Y201306CAC024),” *Synthesis Lectures on Computer Architecture*, volume 8, number 3, Morgan & Claypool Publishers, July 2013.[doi:10.2200/S00516ED2V01Y201306CAC024](http://dx.doi.org/10.2200/S00516ED2V01Y201306CAC024), ISBN: 978-1-627-05010-4
1. Antonio Regalado: “[Who Coined 'Cloud Computing'?](https://www.technologyreview.com/2011/10/31/257406/who-coined-cloud-computing/),” *technologyreview.com*, October 31, 2011.
1. Luiz André Barroso, Jimmy Clidaras, and Urs Hölzle: “[The Datacenter as a Computer: An Introduction to the Design of Warehouse-Scale Machines, Second Edition](https://web.archive.org/web/20140404113735/http://www.morganclaypool.com/doi/abs/10.2200/S00516ED2V01Y201306CAC024),” *Synthesis Lectures on Computer Architecture*, volume 8, number 3, Morgan & Claypool Publishers, July 2013. [doi:10.2200/S00516ED2V01Y201306CAC024](http://dx.doi.org/10.2200/S00516ED2V01Y201306CAC024), ISBN: 978-1-627-05010-4
1. David Fiala, Frank Mueller, Christian Engelmann, et al.: “[Detection and Correction of Silent Data Corruption for Large-Scale High-Performance Computing](http://moss.csc.ncsu.edu/~mueller/ftp/pub/mueller/papers/sc12.pdf),” at *International Conference for High Performance Computing, Networking, Storage and Analysis* (SC12), November 2012.
1. Arjun Singh, Joon Ong, Amit Agarwal, et al.: “[Jupiter Rising: A Decade of Clos Topologies and Centralized Control in Googles Datacenter Network](http://conferences.sigcomm.org/sigcomm/2015/pdf/papers/p183.pdf),” at *Annual Conference of the ACM Special Interest Group on Data Communication* (SIGCOMM), August 2015. [doi:10.1145/2785956.2787508](http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/2785956.2787508)
1. Glenn K. Lockwood: “[Hadoop's Uncomfortable Fit in HPC](http://glennklockwood.blogspot.co.uk/2014/05/hadoops-uncomfortable-fit-in-hpc.html),” *glennklockwood.blogspot.co.uk*, May 16, 2014.
1. John von Neumann: “[Probabilistic Logics and the Synthesis of Reliable Organisms from Unreliable Components](https://ece.uwaterloo.ca/~ssundara/courses/prob_logics.pdf),” in *Automata Studies (AM-34)*, edited by Claude E. Shannon and John McCarthy, Princeton University Press, 1956. ISBN: 978-0-691-07916-5
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1. Richard W. Hamming: *The Art of Doing Science and Engineering*. Taylor & Francis, 1997. ISBN: 978-9-056-99500-3
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@ -703,7 +703,7 @@ Web 应用程序确实需要预期受终端用户控制的客户端(如 Web
1. Nelson Minar: “[Leap Second Crashes Half the Internet](http://www.somebits.com/weblog/tech/bad/leap-second-2012.html),” *somebits.com*, July 3, 2012.
1. Christopher Pascoe: “[Time, Technology and Leaping Seconds](http://googleblog.blogspot.co.uk/2011/09/time-technology-and-leaping-seconds.html),” *googleblog.blogspot.co.uk*, September 15, 2011.
1. Mingxue Zhao and Jeff Barr: “[Look Before You Leap The Coming Leap Second and AWS](https://aws.amazon.com/blogs/aws/look-before-you-leap-the-coming-leap-second-and-aws/),” *aws.amazon.com*, May 18, 2015.
1. Darryl Veitch and Kanthaiah Vijayalayan: “[Network Timing and the 2015 Leap Second](http://crin.eng.uts.edu.au/~darryl/Publications/LeapSecond_camera.pdf),” at *17th International Conference on Passive and Active Measurement* (PAM), April 2016. [doi:10.1007/978-3-319-30505-9_29](http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-30505-9_29)
1. Darryl Veitch and Kanthaiah Vijayalayan: “[Network Timing and the 2015 Leap Second](https://tklab.feit.uts.edu.au/~darryl/Publications/LeapSecond_camera.pdf),” at *17th International Conference on Passive and Active Measurement* (PAM), April 2016. [doi:10.1007/978-3-319-30505-9_29](http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-30505-9_29)
1. “[Timekeeping in VMware Virtual Machines](https://www.vmware.com/content/dam/digitalmarketing/vmware/en/pdf/techpaper/Timekeeping-In-VirtualMachines.pdf),” Information Guide, VMware, Inc., December 2011.
1. “[MiFID II / MiFIR: Regulatory Technical and Implementing Standards Annex I (Draft)](https://www.esma.europa.eu/sites/default/files/library/2015/11/2015-esma-1464_annex_i_-_draft_rts_and_its_on_mifid_ii_and_mifir.pdf),” European Securities and Markets Authority, Report ESMA/2015/1464, September 2015.
1. Luke Bigum: “[Solving MiFID II Clock Synchronisation With Minimum Spend (Part 1)](https://web.archive.org/web/20170704030310/https://www.lmax.com/blog/staff-blogs/2015/11/27/solving-mifid-ii-clock-synchronisation-minimum-spend-part-1/),” *lmax.com*, November 27, 2015.
@ -717,12 +717,12 @@ Web 应用程序确实需要预期受终端用户控制的客户端(如 Web
1. Dahlia Malkhi and Jean-Philippe Martin: “[Spanner's Concurrency Control](http://www.cs.cornell.edu/~ie53/publications/DC-col51-Sep13.pdf),” *ACM SIGACT News*, volume 44, number 3, pages 7377, September 2013. [doi:10.1145/2527748.2527767](http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/2527748.2527767)
1. Manuel Bravo, Nuno Diegues, Jingna Zeng, et al.: “[On the Use of Clocks to Enforce Consistency in the Cloud](http://sites.computer.org/debull/A15mar/p18.pdf),” *IEEE Data Engineering Bulletin*, volume 38, number 1, pages 1831, March 2015.
1. Spencer Kimball: “[Living Without Atomic Clocks](http://www.cockroachlabs.com/blog/living-without-atomic-clocks/),” *cockroachlabs.com*, February 17, 2016.
1. Cary G. Gray and David R. Cheriton:“[Leases: An Efficient Fault-Tolerant Mechanism for Distributed File Cache Consistency](http://web.stanford.edu/class/cs240/readings/89-leases.pdf),” at *12th ACM Symposium on Operating Systems Principles* (SOSP), December 1989. [doi:10.1145/74850.74870](http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/74850.74870)
1. Cary G. Gray and David R. Cheriton: “[Leases: An Efficient Fault-Tolerant Mechanism for Distributed File Cache Consistency](https://web.archive.org/web/20230325205928/http://web.stanford.edu/class/cs240/readings/89-leases.pdf),” at *12th ACM Symposium on Operating Systems Principles* (SOSP), December 1989. [doi:10.1145/74850.74870](http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/74850.74870)
1. Todd Lipcon: “[Avoiding Full GCs in Apache HBase with MemStore-Local Allocation Buffers: Part 1](https://web.archive.org/web/20121101040711/http://blog.cloudera.com/blog/2011/02/avoiding-full-gcs-in-hbase-with-memstore-local-allocation-buffers-part-1/),” *blog.cloudera.com*, February 24, 2011.
1. Martin Thompson: “[Java Garbage Collection Distilled](http://mechanical-sympathy.blogspot.co.uk/2013/07/java-garbage-collection-distilled.html),” *mechanical-sympathy.blogspot.co.uk*, July 16, 2013.
1. Alexey Ragozin: “[How to Tame Java GC Pauses? Surviving 16GiB Heap and Greater](https://dzone.com/articles/how-tame-java-gc-pauses),” *dzone.com*, June 28, 2011.
1. Christopher Clark, Keir Fraser, Steven Hand, et al.: “[Live Migration of Virtual Machines](http://www.cl.cam.ac.uk/research/srg/netos/papers/2005-nsdi-migration.pdf),” at *2nd USENIX Symposium on Symposium on Networked Systems Design & Implementation* (NSDI), May 2005.
1. Mike Shaver: “[fsyncers and Curveballs](http://shaver.off.net/diary/2008/05/25/fsyncers-and-curveballs/),” *shaver.off.net*, May 25, 2008.
1. Mike Shaver: “[fsyncers and Curveballs](https://web.archive.org/web/20220107141023/http://shaver.off.net/diary/2008/05/25/fsyncers-and-curveballs/),” *shaver.off.net*, May 25, 2008.
1. Zhenyun Zhuang and Cuong Tran: “[Eliminating Large JVM GC Pauses Caused by Background IO Traffic](https://engineering.linkedin.com/blog/2016/02/eliminating-large-jvm-gc-pauses-caused-by-background-io-traffic),” *engineering.linkedin.com*, February 10, 2016.
1. David Terei and Amit Levy: “[Blade: A Data Center Garbage Collector](http://arxiv.org/pdf/1504.02578.pdf),” arXiv:1504.02578, April 13, 2015.
1. Martin Maas, Tim Harris, Krste Asanović, and John Kubiatowicz: “[Trash Day: Coordinating Garbage Collection in Distributed Systems](https://timharris.uk/papers/2015-hotos.pdf),” at *15th USENIX Workshop on Hot Topics in Operating Systems* (HotOS), May 2015.
@ -730,7 +730,7 @@ Web 应用程序确实需要预期受终端用户控制的客户端(如 Web
1. Martin Fowler: “[The LMAX Architecture](http://martinfowler.com/articles/lmax.html),” *martinfowler.com*, July 12, 2011.
1. Flavio P. Junqueira and Benjamin Reed: *ZooKeeper: Distributed Process Coordination*. O'Reilly Media, 2013. ISBN: 978-1-449-36130-3
1. Enis Söztutar: “[HBase and HDFS: Understanding Filesystem Usage in HBase](http://www.slideshare.net/enissoz/hbase-and-hdfs-understanding-filesystem-usage),” at *HBaseCon*, June 2013.
1. Caitie McCaffrey: “[Clients Are Jerks: AKA How Halo 4 DoSed the Services at Launch & How We Survived](http://caitiem.com/2015/06/23/clients-are-jerks-aka-how-halo-4-dosed-the-services-at-launch-how-we-survived/),” *caitiem.com*, June 23, 2015.
1. Caitie McCaffrey: “[Clients Are Jerks: AKA How Halo 4 DoSed the Services at Launch & How We Survived](https://web.archive.org/web/20230128065851/http://caitiem.com/2015/06/23/clients-are-jerks-aka-how-halo-4-dosed-the-services-at-launch-how-we-survived/),” *caitiem.com*, June 23, 2015.
1. Leslie Lamport, Robert Shostak, and Marshall Pease: “[The Byzantine Generals Problem](https://www.microsoft.com/en-us/research/publication/byzantine-generals-problem/),” *ACM Transactions on Programming Languages and Systems* (TOPLAS), volume 4, number 3, pages 382401, July 1982. [doi:10.1145/357172.357176](http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/357172.357176)
1. Jim N. Gray: “[Notes on Data Base Operating Systems](http://jimgray.azurewebsites.net/papers/dbos.pdf),” in *Operating Systems: An Advanced Course*, Lecture Notes in Computer Science, volume 60, edited by R. Bayer, R. M. Graham, and G. Seegmüller, pages 393481, Springer-Verlag, 1978. ISBN: 978-3-540-08755-7
1. Brian Palmer: “[How Complicated Was the Byzantine Empire?](http://www.slate.com/articles/news_and_politics/explainer/2011/10/the_byzantine_tax_code_how_complicated_was_byzantium_anyway_.html),” *slate.com*, October 20, 2011.
@ -740,12 +740,12 @@ Web 应用程序确实需要预期受终端用户控制的客户端(如 Web
1. Andrew Miller and Joseph J. LaViola, Jr.: “[Anonymous Byzantine Consensus from Moderately-Hard Puzzles: A Model for Bitcoin](http://nakamotoinstitute.org/static/docs/anonymous-byzantine-consensus.pdf),” University of Central Florida, Technical Report CS-TR-14-01, April 2014.
1. James Mickens: “[The Saddest Moment](https://www.usenix.org/system/files/login-logout_1305_mickens.pdf),” *USENIX ;login: logout*, May 2013.
1. Evan Gilman: “[The Discovery of Apache ZooKeepers Poison Packet](http://www.pagerduty.com/blog/the-discovery-of-apache-zookeepers-poison-packet/),” *pagerduty.com*, May 7, 2015.
1. Jonathan Stone and Craig Partridge: “[When the CRC and TCP Checksum Disagree](http://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/download?doi=10.1.1.27.7611&rep=rep1&type=pdf),” at *ACM Conference on Applications Technologies, Architectures, and Protocols for Computer Communication* (SIGCOMM), August 2000. [doi:10.1145/347059.347561](http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/347059.347561)
1. Jonathan Stone and Craig Partridge: “[When the CRC and TCP Checksum Disagree](https://web.archive.org/web/20220818235232/https://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/download?doi=10.1.1.27.7611&rep=rep1&type=pdf),” at *ACM Conference on Applications, Technologies, Architectures, and Protocols for Computer Communication* (SIGCOMM), August 2000. [doi:10.1145/347059.347561](http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/347059.347561)
1. Evan Jones: “[How Both TCP and Ethernet Checksums Fail](http://www.evanjones.ca/tcp-and-ethernet-checksums-fail.html),” *evanjones.ca*, October 5, 2015.
1. Cynthia Dwork, Nancy Lynch, and Larry Stockmeyer: “[Consensus in the Presence of Partial Synchrony](http://www.net.t-labs.tu-berlin.de/~petr/ADC-07/papers/DLS88.pdf),” *Journal of the ACM*, volume 35, number 2, pages 288323, April 1988. [doi:10.1145/42282.42283](http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/42282.42283)
1. Cynthia Dwork, Nancy Lynch, and Larry Stockmeyer: “[Consensus in the Presence of Partial Synchrony](https://dl.acm.org/doi/10.1145/42282.42283),” *Journal of the ACM*, volume 35, number 2, pages 288323, April 1988. [doi:10.1145/42282.42283](http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/42282.42283)
1. Peter Bailis and Ali Ghodsi: “[Eventual Consistency Today: Limitations, Extensions, and Beyond](http://queue.acm.org/detail.cfm?id=2462076),” *ACM Queue*, volume 11, number 3, pages 55-63, March 2013. [doi:10.1145/2460276.2462076](http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/2460276.2462076)
1. Bowen Alpern and Fred B. Schneider: “[Defining Liveness](https://www.cs.cornell.edu/fbs/publications/DefLiveness.pdf),” *Information Processing Letters*, volume 21, number 4, pages 181185, October 1985. [doi:10.1016/0020-0190(85)90056-0](http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0020-0190(85)90056-0)
1. Flavio P. Junqueira: “[Dude, Wheres My Metadata?](http://fpj.me/2015/05/28/dude-wheres-my-metadata/),” *fpj.me*, May 28, 2015.
1. Flavio P. Junqueira: “[Dude, Wheres My Metadata?](https://web.archive.org/web/20230604215314/https://fpj.systems/2015/05/28/dude-wheres-my-metadata/),” *fpj.me*, May 28, 2015.
1. Scott Sanders: “[January 28th Incident Report](https://github.com/blog/2106-january-28th-incident-report),” *github.com*, February 3, 2016.
1. Jay Kreps: “[A Few Notes on Kafka and Jepsen](http://blog.empathybox.com/post/62279088548/a-few-notes-on-kafka-and-jepsen),” *blog.empathybox.com*, September 25, 2013.
1. Thanh Do, Mingzhe Hao, Tanakorn Leesatapornwongsa, et al.: “[Limplock: Understanding the Impact of Limpware on Scale-out Cloud Systems](http://ucare.cs.uchicago.edu/pdf/socc13-limplock.pdf),” at *4th ACM Symposium on Cloud Computing* (SoCC), October 2013. [doi:10.1145/2523616.2523627](http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/2523616.2523627)

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@ -952,29 +952,29 @@ ZooKeeper 和它的小伙伴们可以看作是成员资格服务membership se
1. Kyle Kingsbury: “[Call Me Maybe: MongoDB Stale Reads](https://aphyr.com/posts/322-call-me-maybe-mongodb-stale-reads),” *aphyr.com*, April 20, 2015.
1. Kyle Kingsbury: “[Computational Techniques in Knossos](https://aphyr.com/posts/314-computational-techniques-in-knossos),” *aphyr.com*, May 17, 2014.
1. Peter Bailis: “[Linearizability Versus Serializability](http://www.bailis.org/blog/linearizability-versus-serializability/),” *bailis.org*, September 24, 2014.
1. Philip A. Bernstein, Vassos Hadzilacos, and Nathan Goodman: [*Concurrency Control and Recovery in Database Systems*](http://research.microsoft.com/en-us/people/philbe/ccontrol.aspx). Addison-Wesley, 1987. ISBN: 978-0-201-10715-9, available online at *research.microsoft.com*.
1. Philip A. Bernstein, Vassos Hadzilacos, and Nathan Goodman: [*Concurrency Control and Recovery in Database Systems*](https://www.microsoft.com/en-us/research/people/philbe/book/). Addison-Wesley, 1987. ISBN: 978-0-201-10715-9, available online at *research.microsoft.com*.
1. Mike Burrows: “[The Chubby Lock Service for Loosely-Coupled Distributed Systems](https://research.google/pubs/pub27897/),” at *7th USENIX Symposium on Operating System Design and Implementation* (OSDI), November 2006.
1. Flavio P. Junqueira and Benjamin Reed: *ZooKeeper: Distributed Process Coordination*. O'Reilly Media, 2013. ISBN: 978-1-449-36130-3
1. “[etcd Documentation](https://etcd.io/docs/),” The Linux Foundation, *etcd.io*.
1. “[Apache Curator](http://curator.apache.org/),” Apache Software Foundation, *curator.apache.org*, 2015.
1. Morali Vallath: *Oracle 10g RAC Grid, Services & Clustering*. Elsevier Digital Press, 2006. ISBN: 978-1-555-58321-7
1. Murali Vallath: *Oracle 10g RAC Grid, Services & Clustering*. Elsevier Digital Press, 2006. ISBN: 978-1-555-58321-7
1. Peter Bailis, Alan Fekete, Michael J Franklin, et al.: “[Coordination-Avoiding Database Systems](http://arxiv.org/pdf/1402.2237.pdf),” *Proceedings of the VLDB Endowment*, volume 8, number 3, pages 185196, November 2014.
1. Kyle Kingsbury: “[Call Me Maybe: etcd and Consul](https://aphyr.com/posts/316-call-me-maybe-etcd-and-consul),” *aphyr.com*, June 9, 2014.
1. Flavio P. Junqueira, Benjamin C. Reed, and Marco Serafini: “[Zab: High-Performance Broadcast for Primary-Backup Systems](https://marcoserafini.github.io/papers/zab.pdf),” at *41st IEEE International Conference on Dependable Systems and Networks* (DSN), June 2011. [doi:10.1109/DSN.2011.5958223](http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/DSN.2011.5958223)
1. Flavio P. Junqueira, Benjamin C. Reed, and Marco Serafini: “[Zab: High-Performance Broadcast for Primary-Backup Systems](https://web.archive.org/web/20220419064903/https://marcoserafini.github.io/papers/zab.pdf),” at *41st IEEE International Conference on Dependable Systems and Networks* (DSN), June 2011. [doi:10.1109/DSN.2011.5958223](http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/DSN.2011.5958223)
1. Diego Ongaro and John K. Ousterhout: “[In Search of an Understandable Consensus Algorithm](https://www.usenix.org/system/files/conference/atc14/atc14-paper-ongaro.pdf),” at *USENIX Annual Technical Conference* (ATC), June 2014.
1. Hagit Attiya, Amotz Bar-Noy, and Danny Dolev: “[Sharing Memory Robustly in Message-Passing Systems](http://www.cse.huji.ac.il/course/2004/dist/p124-attiya.pdf),” *Journal of the ACM*, volume 42, number 1, pages 124142, January 1995. [doi:10.1145/200836.200869](http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/200836.200869)
1. Nancy Lynch and Alex Shvartsman: “[Robust Emulation of Shared Memory Using Dynamic Quorum-Acknowledged Broadcasts](http://groups.csail.mit.edu/tds/papers/Lynch/FTCS97.pdf),” at *27th Annual International Symposium on Fault-Tolerant Computing* (FTCS), June 1997. [doi:10.1109/FTCS.1997.614100](http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/FTCS.1997.614100)
1. Christian Cachin, Rachid Guerraoui, and Luís Rodrigues: [*Introduction to Reliable and Secure Distributed Programming*](http://www.distributedprogramming.net/), 2nd edition. Springer, 2011. ISBN: 978-3-642-15259-7, [doi:10.1007/978-3-642-15260-3](http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-15260-3)
1. Sam Elliott, Mark Allen, and Martin Kleppmann: [personal communication](https://twitter.com/lenary/status/654761711933648896), thread on *twitter.com*, October 15, 2015.
1. Sam Elliott, Mark Allen, and Martin Kleppmann: [personal communication](https://web.archive.org/web/20230620021338/https://twitter.com/lenary/status/654761711933648896), thread on *twitter.com*, October 15, 2015.
1. Niklas Ekström, Mikhail Panchenko, and Jonathan Ellis: “[Possible Issue with Read Repair?](http://mail-archives.apache.org/mod_mbox/cassandra-dev/201210.mbox/%3CFA480D1DC3964E2C8B0A14E0880094C9%40Robotech%3E),” email thread on *cassandra-dev* mailing list, October 2012.
1. Maurice P. Herlihy: “[Wait-Free Synchronization](https://cs.brown.edu/~mph/Herlihy91/p124-herlihy.pdf),” *ACM Transactions on Programming Languages and Systems* (TOPLAS), volume 13, number 1, pages 124149, January 1991. [doi:10.1145/114005.102808](http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/114005.102808)
1. Armando Fox and Eric A. Brewer: “[Harvest, Yield, and Scalable Tolerant Systems](http://radlab.cs.berkeley.edu/people/fox/static/pubs/pdf/c18.pdf),” at *7th Workshop on Hot Topics in Operating Systems* (HotOS), March 1999. [doi:10.1109/HOTOS.1999.798396](http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/HOTOS.1999.798396)
1. Seth Gilbert and Nancy Lynch: “[Brewers Conjecture and the Feasibility of Consistent, Available, Partition-Tolerant Web Services](http://www.comp.nus.edu.sg/~gilbert/pubs/BrewersConjecture-SigAct.pdf),” *ACM SIGACT News*, volume 33, number 2, pages 5159, June 2002. [doi:10.1145/564585.564601](http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/564585.564601)
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@ -993,8 +993,8 @@ ZooKeeper 和它的小伙伴们可以看作是成员资格服务membership se
1. Peter Bailis, Ali Ghodsi, Joseph M Hellerstein, and Ion Stoica: “[Bolt-on Causal Consistency](http://db.cs.berkeley.edu/papers/sigmod13-bolton.pdf),” at *ACM International Conference on Management of Data* (SIGMOD), June 2013.
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@ -1010,7 +1010,7 @@ ZooKeeper 和它的小伙伴们可以看作是成员资格服务membership se
1. Michael J. Fischer, Nancy Lynch, and Michael S. Paterson: “[Impossibility of Distributed Consensus with One Faulty Process](https://groups.csail.mit.edu/tds/papers/Lynch/jacm85.pdf),” *Journal of the ACM*, volume 32, number 2, pages 374382, April 1985. [doi:10.1145/3149.214121](http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/3149.214121)
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@ -1021,18 +1021,18 @@ ZooKeeper 和它的小伙伴们可以看作是成员资格服务membership se
1. James E. Johnson, David E. Langworthy, Leslie Lamport, and Friedrich H. Vogt: “[Formal Specification of a Web Services Protocol](https://www.microsoft.com/en-us/research/publication/formal-specification-of-a-web-services-protocol/),” at *1st International Workshop on Web Services and Formal Methods* (WS-FM), February 2004. [doi:10.1016/j.entcs.2004.02.022](http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.entcs.2004.02.022)
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@ -1040,12 +1040,12 @@ ZooKeeper 和它的小伙伴们可以看作是成员资格服务membership se
1. Tushar Deepak Chandra, Robert Griesemer, and Joshua Redstone: “[Paxos Made Live An Engineering Perspective](http://www.read.seas.harvard.edu/~kohler/class/08w-dsi/chandra07paxos.pdf),” at *26th ACM Symposium on Principles of Distributed Computing* (PODC), June 2007.
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1. Camille Fournier: “[Consensus Systems for the Skeptical Architect](https://vimeo.com/102667163),” at *Philly ETE*, Philadelphia, PA, USA, April 2014.

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@ -66,14 +66,14 @@ Later in the book, in [Part III](part-iii.md), we will look at patterns for syst
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@ -83,7 +83,6 @@ Later in the book, in [Part III](part-iii.md), we will look at patterns for syst
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@ -95,11 +95,11 @@ In the next chapter, we will turn to stream processing, in which the input is *u
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1. Jay Kreps, Neha Narkhede, and Jun Rao: “[Kafka: A Distributed Messaging System for Log Processing](https://www.microsoft.com/en-us/research/wp-content/uploads/2017/09/Kafka.pdf),” at *6th International Workshop on Networking Meets Databases* (NetDB), June 2011.
1. “[Amazon Kinesis Streams Developer Guide](http://docs.aws.amazon.com/streams/latest/dev/introduction.html),” *docs.aws.amazon.com*, April 2016.
1. Leigh Stewart and Sijie Guo: “[Building DistributedLog: Twitters High-Performance Replicated Log Service](https://blog.twitter.com/2015/building-distributedlog-twitter-s-high-performance-replicated-log-service),” *blog.twitter.com*, September 16, 2015.
1. “[DistributedLog Documentation](https://bookkeeper.apache.org/distributedlog/docs/latest/),” Apache Software Foundation, *distributedlog.io*.
1. “[DistributedLog Documentation](https://web.archive.org/web/20210517201308/https://bookkeeper.apache.org/distributedlog/docs/latest/),” Apache Software Foundation, *distributedlog.io*.
1. Jay Kreps: “[Benchmarking Apache Kafka: 2 Million Writes Per Second (On Three Cheap Machines)](https://engineering.linkedin.com/kafka/benchmarking-apache-kafka-2-million-writes-second-three-cheap-machines),” *engineering.linkedin.com*, April 27, 2014.
1. Kartik Paramasivam: “[How Were Improving and Advancing Kafka at LinkedIn](https://engineering.linkedin.com/apache-kafka/how-we_re-improving-and-advancing-kafka-linkedin),” *engineering.linkedin.com*, September 2, 2015.
1. Jay Kreps: “[The Log: What Every Software Engineer Should Know About Real-Time Data's Unifying Abstraction](http://engineering.linkedin.com/distributed-systems/log-what-every-software-engineer-should-know-about-real-time-datas-unifying),” *engineering.linkedin.com*, December 16, 2013.
@ -99,16 +99,16 @@ Finally, we discussed techniques for achieving fault tolerance and exactly-once
1. P. P. S. Narayan: “[Sherpa Update](http://web.archive.org/web/20160801221400/https://developer.yahoo.com/blogs/ydn/sherpa-7992.html),” *developer.yahoo.com*, June 8, .
1. Martin Kleppmann: “[Bottled Water: Real-Time Integration of PostgreSQL and Kafka](http://martin.kleppmann.com/2015/04/23/bottled-water-real-time-postgresql-kafka.html),” *martin.kleppmann.com*, April 23, 2015.
1. Ben Osheroff: “[Introducing Maxwell, a mysql-to-kafka Binlog Processor](https://web.archive.org/web/20170208100334/https://developer.zendesk.com/blog/introducing-maxwell-a-mysql-to-kafka-binlog-processor),” *developer.zendesk.com*, August 20, 2015.
1. Randall Hauch: “[Debezium 0.2.1 Released](http://debezium.io/blog/2016/06/10/Debezium-0/),” *debezium.io*, June 10, 2016.
1. Randall Hauch: “[Debezium 0.2.1 Released](https://debezium.io/blog/2016/06/10/Debezium-0.2.1-Released/),” *debezium.io*, June 10, 2016.
1. Prem Santosh Udaya Shankar: “[Streaming MySQL Tables in Real-Time to Kafka](https://engineeringblog.yelp.com/2016/08/streaming-mysql-tables-in-real-time-to-kafka.html),” *engineeringblog.yelp.com*, August 1, 2016.
1. “[Mongoriver](https://github.com/stripe/mongoriver),” Stripe, Inc., *github.com*, September 2014.
1. Dan Harvey: “[Change Data Capture with Mongo + Kafka](http://www.slideshare.net/danharvey/change-data-capture-with-mongodb-and-kafka),” at *Hadoop Users Group UK*, August 2015.
1. “[Oracle GoldenGate 12c: Real-Time Access to Real-Time Information](http://www.oracle.com/us/products/middleware/data-integration/oracle-goldengate-realtime-access-2031152.pdf),” Oracle White Paper, March 2015.
1. “[Oracle GoldenGate 12c: Real-Time Access to Real-Time Information](https://web.archive.org/web/20160923105841/http://www.oracle.com/us/products/middleware/data-integration/oracle-goldengate-realtime-access-2031152.pdf),” Oracle White Paper, March 2015.
1. “[Oracle GoldenGate Fundamentals: How Oracle GoldenGate Works](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=6H9NibIiPQE),” Oracle Corporation, *youtube.com*, November 2012.
1. Slava Akhmechet: “[Advancing the Realtime Web](http://rethinkdb.com/blog/realtime-web/),” *rethinkdb.com*, January 27, 2015.
1. “[Firebase Realtime Database Documentation](https://firebase.google.com/docs/database/),” Google, Inc., *firebase.google.com*, May 2016.
1. “[Apache CouchDB 1.6 Documentation](http://docs.couchdb.org/en/latest/),” *docs.couchdb.org*, 2014.
1. Matt DeBergalis: “[Meteor 0.7.0: Scalable Database Queries Using MongoDB Oplog Instead of Poll-and-Diff](http://info.meteor.com/blog/meteor-070-scalable-database-queries-using-mongodb-oplog-instead-of-poll-and-diff),” *info.meteor.com*, December 17, 2013.
1. Matt DeBergalis: “[Meteor 0.7.0: Scalable Database Queries Using MongoDB Oplog Instead of Poll-and-Diff](https://web.archive.org/web/20160324055429/http://info.meteor.com/blog/meteor-070-scalable-database-queries-using-mongodb-oplog-instead-of-poll-and-diff),” *info.meteor.com*, December 17, 2013.
1. “[Chapter 15. Importing and Exporting Live Data](https://docs.voltdb.com/UsingVoltDB/ChapExport.php),” VoltDB 6.4 User Manual, *docs.voltdb.com*, June 2016.
1. Neha Narkhede: “[Announcing Kafka Connect: Building Large-Scale Low-Latency Data Pipelines](http://www.confluent.io/blog/announcing-kafka-connect-building-large-scale-low-latency-data-pipelines),” *confluent.io*, February 18, 2016.
1. Greg Young: “[CQRS and Event Sourcing](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=JHGkaShoyNs),” at *Code on the Beach*, August 2014.
@ -123,14 +123,14 @@ Finally, we discussed techniques for achieving fault tolerance and exactly-once
1. Timothy Griffin and Leonid Libkin: “[Incremental Maintenance of Views with Duplicates](http://homepages.inf.ed.ac.uk/libkin/papers/sigmod95.pdf),” at *ACM International Conference on Management of Data* (SIGMOD), May 1995. [doi:10.1145/223784.223849](http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/223784.223849)
1. Pat Helland: “[Immutability Changes Everything](http://cidrdb.org/cidr2015/Papers/CIDR15_Paper16.pdf),” at *7th Biennial Conference on Innovative Data Systems Research* (CIDR), January 2015.
1. Martin Kleppmann: “[Accounting for Computer Scientists](http://martin.kleppmann.com/2011/03/07/accounting-for-computer-scientists.html),” *martin.kleppmann.com*, March 7, 2011.
1. Pat Helland: “[Accountants Don't Use Erasers](https://blogs.msdn.microsoft.com/pathelland/2007/06/14/accountants-dont-use-erasers/),” *blogs.msdn.com*, June 14, 2007.
1. Pat Helland: “[Accountants Don't Use Erasers](https://web.archive.org/web/20200220161036/https://blogs.msdn.microsoft.com/pathelland/2007/06/14/accountants-dont-use-erasers/),” *blogs.msdn.com*, June 14, 2007.
1. Fangjin Yang: “[Dogfooding with Druid, Samza, and Kafka: Metametrics at Metamarkets](https://metamarkets.com/2015/dogfooding-with-druid-samza-and-kafka-metametrics-at-metamarkets/),” *metamarkets.com*, June 3, 2015.
1. Gavin Li, Jianqiu Lv, and Hang Qi: “[Pistachio: Co-Locate the Data and Compute for Fastest Cloud Compute](https://web.archive.org/web/20181214032620/https://yahoohadoop.tumblr.com/post/116365275781/pistachio-co-locate-the-data-and-compute-for),” *yahoohadoop.tumblr.com*, April 13, 2015.
1. Kartik Paramasivam: “[Stream Processing Hard Problems Part 1: Killing Lambda](https://engineering.linkedin.com/blog/2016/06/stream-processing-hard-problems-part-1-killing-lambda),” *engineering.linkedin.com*, June 27, 2016.
1. Martin Fowler: “[CQRS](http://martinfowler.com/bliki/CQRS.html),” *martinfowler.com*, July 14, 2011.
1. Greg Young: “[CQRS Documents](https://cqrs.files.wordpress.com/2010/11/cqrs_documents.pdf),” *cqrs.files.wordpress.com*, November 2010.
1. Baron Schwartz: “[Immutability, MVCC, and Garbage Collection](http://www.xaprb.com/blog/2013/12/28/immutability-mvcc-and-garbage-collection/),” *xaprb.com*, December 28, 2013.
1. Daniel Eloff, Slava Akhmechet, Jay Kreps, et al.: ["Re: Turning the Database Inside-out with Apache Samza](https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=9145197)," *Hacker News discussion, news.ycombinator.com*, March 4, 2015.
1. Baron Schwartz: “[Immutability, MVCC, and Garbage Collection](https://web.archive.org/web/20161110094746/http://www.xaprb.com/blog/2013/12/28/immutability-mvcc-and-garbage-collection/),” *xaprb.com*, December 28, 2013.
1. Daniel Eloff, Slava Akhmechet, Jay Kreps, et al.: ["Re: Turning the Database Inside-out with Apache Samza](https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=9145197)," Hacker News discussion, *news.ycombinator.com*, March 4, 2015.
1. “[Datomic Development Resources: Excision](http://docs.datomic.com/excision.html),” Cognitect, Inc., *docs.datomic.com*.
1. “[Fossil Documentation: Deleting Content from Fossil](http://fossil-scm.org/index.html/doc/trunk/www/shunning.wiki),” *fossil-scm.org*, 2016.
1. Jay Kreps: “[The irony of distributed systems is that data loss is really easy but deleting data is surprisingly hard,](https://twitter.com/jaykreps/status/582580836425330688)” *twitter.com*, March 30, 2015.
@ -139,11 +139,11 @@ Finally, we discussed techniques for achieving fault tolerance and exactly-once
1. Arvind Arasu, Shivnath Babu, and Jennifer Widom: “[The CQL Continuous Query Language: Semantic Foundations and Query Execution](https://www.microsoft.com/en-us/research/wp-content/uploads/2016/02/cql.pdf),” *The VLDB Journal*, volume 15, number 2, pages 121142, June 2006. [doi:10.1007/s00778-004-0147-z](http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00778-004-0147-z)
1. Julian Hyde: “[Data in Flight: How Streaming SQL Technology Can Help Solve the Web 2.0 Data Crunch](http://queue.acm.org/detail.cfm?id=1667562),” *ACM Queue*, volume 7, number 11, December 2009. [doi:10.1145/1661785.1667562](http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/1661785.1667562)
1. “[Esper Reference, Version 5.4.0](http://esper.espertech.com/release-5.4.0/esper-reference/html_single/index.html),” EsperTech, Inc., *espertech.com*, April 2016.
1. Zubair Nabi, Eric Bouillet, Andrew Bainbridge, and Chris Thomas: “[Of Streams and Storms](https://developer.ibm.com/streamsdev/wp-content/uploads/sites/15/2014/04/Streams-and-Storm-April-2014-Final.pdf),” IBM technical report, *developer.ibm.com*, April 2014.
1. Zubair Nabi, Eric Bouillet, Andrew Bainbridge, and Chris Thomas: “[Of Streams and Storms](https://web.archive.org/web/20170711081434/https://developer.ibm.com/streamsdev/wp-content/uploads/sites/15/2014/04/Streams-and-Storm-April-2014-Final.pdf),” IBM technical report, *developer.ibm.com*, April 2014.
1. Milinda Pathirage, Julian Hyde, Yi Pan, and Beth Plale: “[SamzaSQL: Scalable Fast Data Management with Streaming SQL](https://github.com/milinda/samzasql-hpbdc2016/blob/master/samzasql-hpbdc2016.pdf),” at *IEEE International Workshop on High-Performance Big Data Computing* (HPBDC), May 2016. [doi:10.1109/IPDPSW.2016.141](http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/IPDPSW.2016.141)
1. Philippe Flajolet, Éric Fusy, Olivier Gandouet, and Frédéric Meunier: “[HyperLogLog: The Analysis of a Near-Optimal Cardinality Estimation Algorithm](http://algo.inria.fr/flajolet/Publications/FlFuGaMe07.pdf),” at *Conference on Analysis of Algorithms* (AofA), June 2007.
1. Jay Kreps: “[Questioning the Lambda Architecture](https://www.oreilly.com/ideas/questioning-the-lambda-architecture),” *oreilly.com*, July 2, 2014.
1. Ian Hellström: “[An Overview of Apache Streaming Technologies](https://databaseline.wordpress.com/2016/03/12/an-overview-of-apache-streaming-technologies/),” *databaseline.wordpress.com*, March 12, 2016.
1. Ian Hellström: “[An Overview of Apache Streaming Technologies](https://databaseline.bitbucket.io/an-overview-of-apache-streaming-technologies/),” *databaseline.bitbucket.io*, March 12, 2016.
1. Jay Kreps: “[Why Local State Is a Fundamental Primitive in Stream Processing](https://www.oreilly.com/ideas/why-local-state-is-a-fundamental-primitive-in-stream-processing),” *oreilly.com*, July 31, 2014.
1. Shay Banon: “[Percolator](https://www.elastic.co/blog/percolator),” *elastic.co*, February 8, 2011.
1. Alan Woodward and Martin Kleppmann: “[Real-Time Full-Text Search with Luwak and Samza](http://martin.kleppmann.com/2015/04/13/real-time-full-text-search-luwak-samza.html),” *martin.kleppmann.com*, April 13, 2015.
@ -151,7 +151,7 @@ Finally, we discussed techniques for achieving fault tolerance and exactly-once
1. Tyler Akidau: “[The World Beyond Batch: Streaming 102](https://www.oreilly.com/ideas/the-world-beyond-batch-streaming-102),” *oreilly.com*, January 20, 2016.
1. Stephan Ewen: “[Streaming Analytics with Apache Flink](https://www.confluent.io/resources/kafka-summit-2016/advanced-streaming-analytics-apache-flink-apache-kafka/),” at *Kafka Summit*, April 2016.
1. Tyler Akidau, Alex Balikov, Kaya Bekiroğlu, et al.: “[MillWheel: Fault-Tolerant Stream Processing at Internet Scale](http://research.google.com/pubs/pub41378.html),” at *39th International Conference on Very Large Data Bases* (VLDB), August 2013.
1. Alex Dean: “[Improving Snowplow's Understanding of Time](http://snowplowanalytics.com/blog/2015/09/15/improving-snowplows-understanding-of-time/),” *snowplowanalytics.com*, September 15, 2015.
1. Alex Dean: “[Improving Snowplow's Understanding of Time](https://snowplow.io/blog/improving-snowplows-understanding-of-time/),” *snowplowanalytics.com*, September 15, 2015.
1. “[Windowing (Azure Stream Analytics)](https://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/azure/dn835019.aspx),” Microsoft Azure Reference, *msdn.microsoft.com*, April 2016.
1. “[State Management](http://samza.apache.org/learn/documentation/0.10/container/state-management.html),” Apache Samza 0.10 Documentation, *samza.apache.org*, December 2015.
1. Rajagopal Ananthanarayanan, Venkatesh Basker, Sumit Das, et al.: “[Photon: Fault-Tolerant and Scalable Joining of Continuous Data Streams](http://research.google.com/pubs/pub41318.html),” at *ACM International Conference on Management of Data* (SIGMOD), June 2013. [doi:10.1145/2463676.2465272](http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/2463676.2465272)
@ -164,9 +164,9 @@ Finally, we discussed techniques for achieving fault tolerance and exactly-once
1. Kostas Tzoumas, Stephan Ewen, and Robert Metzger: “[High-Throughput, Low-Latency, and Exactly-Once Stream Processing with Apache Flink](https://www.ververica.com/blog/high-throughput-low-latency-and-exactly-once-stream-processing-with-apache-flink),” *ververica.com*, August 5, 2015.
1. Paris Carbone, Gyula Fóra, Stephan Ewen, et al.: “[Lightweight Asynchronous Snapshots for Distributed Dataflows](http://arxiv.org/abs/1506.08603),” arXiv:1506.08603 [cs.DC], June 29, 2015.
1. Ryan Betts and John Hugg: [*Fast Data: Smart and at Scale*](http://www.oreilly.com/data/free/fast-data-smart-and-at-scale.csp). Report, O'Reilly Media, October 2015.
1. Flavio Junqueira: “[Making Sense of Exactly-Once Semantics](http://conferences.oreilly.com/strata/hadoop-big-data-eu/public/schedule/detail/49690),” at *Strata+Hadoop World London*, June 2016.
1. Flavio Junqueira: “[Making Sense of Exactly-Once Semantics](https://web.archive.org/web/20160812172900/http://conferences.oreilly.com/strata/hadoop-big-data-eu/public/schedule/detail/49690),” at *Strata+Hadoop World London*, June 2016.
1. Jason Gustafson, Flavio Junqueira, Apurva Mehta, Sriram Subramanian, and Guozhang Wang: “[KIP-98 Exactly Once Delivery and Transactional Messaging](https://cwiki.apache.org/confluence/display/KAFKA/KIP-98+-+Exactly+Once+Delivery+and+Transactional+Messaging),” *cwiki.apache.org*, November 2016.
1. Pat Helland: “[Idempotence Is Not a Medical Condition](http://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/download?doi=10.1.1.401.1539&rep=rep1&type=pdf),” *Communications of the ACM*, volume 55, number 5, page 56, May 2012. [doi:10.1145/2160718.2160734](http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/2160718.2160734)
1. Pat Helland: “[Idempotence Is Not a Medical Condition](https://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/document?repid=rep1&type=pdf&doi=4b6dda7fe75b51e1c543a87ca7b3b322fbf55614),” *Communications of the ACM*, volume 55, number 5, page 56, May 2012. [doi:10.1145/2160718.2160734](http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/2160718.2160734)
1. Jay Kreps: “[Re: Trying to Achieve Deterministic Behavior on Recovery/Rewind](http://mail-archives.apache.org/mod_mbox/samza-dev/201409.mbox/%3CCAOeJiJg%2Bc7Ei%3DgzCuOz30DD3G5Hm9yFY%3DUJ6SafdNUFbvRgorg%40mail.gmail.com%3E),” email to *samza-dev* mailing list, September 9, 2014.
1. E. N. (Mootaz) Elnozahy, Lorenzo Alvisi, Yi-Min Wang, and David B. Johnson: “[A Survey of Rollback-Recovery Protocols in Message-Passing Systems](http://www.cs.utexas.edu/~lorenzo/papers/SurveyFinal.pdf),” *ACM Computing Surveys*, volume 34, number 3, pages 375408, September 2002. [doi:10.1145/568522.568525](http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/568522.568525)
1. Adam Warski: “[Kafka Streams How Does It Fit the Stream Processing Landscape?](https://softwaremill.com/kafka-streams-how-does-it-fit-stream-landscape/),” *softwaremill.com*, June 1, 2016.

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@ -45,15 +45,15 @@ As software and data are having such a large impact on the world, we engineers m
1. Rachid Belaid: “[Postgres Full-Text Search is Good Enough!](http://rachbelaid.com/postgres-full-text-search-is-good-enough/),” *rachbelaid.com*, July 13, 2015.
1. Philippe Ajoux, Nathan Bronson, Sanjeev Kumar, et al.: “[Challenges to Adopting Stronger Consistency at Scale](https://www.usenix.org/system/files/conference/hotos15/hotos15-paper-ajoux.pdf),” at *15th USENIX Workshop on Hot Topics in Operating Systems* (HotOS), May 2015.
1. Pat Helland and Dave Campbell: “[Building on Quicksand](https://database.cs.wisc.edu/cidr/cidr2009/Paper_133.pdf),” at *4th Biennial Conference on Innovative Data Systems Research* (CIDR), January 2009.
1. Pat Helland and Dave Campbell: “[Building on Quicksand](https://web.archive.org/web/20220606172817/https://database.cs.wisc.edu/cidr/cidr2009/Paper_133.pdf),” at *4th Biennial Conference on Innovative Data Systems Research* (CIDR), January 2009.
1. Jessica Kerr: “[Provenance and Causality in Distributed Systems](https://web.archive.org/web/20190425150540/http://blog.jessitron.com/2016/09/provenance-and-causality-in-distributed.html),” *blog.jessitron.com*, September 25, 2016.
1. Kostas Tzoumas: “[Batch Is a Special Case of Streaming](http://data-artisans.com/batch-is-a-special-case-of-streaming/),” *data-artisans.com*, September 15, 2015.
1. Kostas Tzoumas: “[Batch Is a Special Case of Streaming](http://data-artisans.com/blog/batch-is-a-special-case-of-streaming/),” *data-artisans.com*, September 15, 2015.
1. Shinji Kim and Robert Blafford: “[Stream Windowing Performance Analysis: Concord and Spark Streaming](https://web.archive.org/web/20180125074821/http://concord.io/posts/windowing_performance_analysis_w_spark_streaming),” *concord.io*, July 6, 2016.
1. Jay Kreps: “[The Log: What Every Software Engineer Should Know About Real-Time Data's Unifying Abstraction](http://engineering.linkedin.com/distributed-systems/log-what-every-software-engineer-should-know-about-real-time-datas-unifying),” *engineering.linkedin.com*, December 16, 2013.
1. Pat Helland: “[Life Beyond Distributed Transactions: An Apostates Opinion](http://www-db.cs.wisc.edu/cidr/cidr2007/papers/cidr07p15.pdf),” at *3rd Biennial Conference on Innovative Data Systems Research* (CIDR), January 2007.
1. Pat Helland: “[Life Beyond Distributed Transactions: An Apostates Opinion](https://web.archive.org/web/20200730171311/http://www-db.cs.wisc.edu/cidr/cidr2007/papers/cidr07p15.pdf),” at *3rd Biennial Conference on Innovative Data Systems Research* (CIDR), January 2007.
1. “[Great Western Railway (18351948)](https://web.archive.org/web/20160122155425/https://www.networkrail.co.uk/VirtualArchive/great-western/),” Network Rail Virtual Archive, *networkrail.co.uk*.
1. Jacqueline Xu: “[Online Migrations at Scale](https://stripe.com/blog/online-migrations),” *stripe.com*, February 2, 2017.
1. Molly Bartlett Dishman and Martin Fowler: “[Agile Architecture](http://conferences.oreilly.com/software-architecture/sa2015/public/schedule/detail/40388),” at *O'Reilly Software Architecture Conference*, March 2015.
1. Molly Bartlett Dishman and Martin Fowler: “[Agile Architecture](https://web.archive.org/web/20161130034721/http://conferences.oreilly.com/software-architecture/sa2015/public/schedule/detail/40388),” at *O'Reilly Software Architecture Conference*, March 2015.
1. Nathan Marz and James Warren: [*Big Data: Principles and Best Practices of Scalable Real-Time Data Systems*](https://www.manning.com/books/big-data). Manning, 2015. ISBN: 978-1-617-29034-3
1. Oscar Boykin, Sam Ritchie, Ian O'Connell, and Jimmy Lin: “[Summingbird: A Framework for Integrating Batch and Online MapReduce Computations](http://www.vldb.org/pvldb/vol7/p1441-boykin.pdf),” at *40th International Conference on Very Large Data Bases* (VLDB), September 2014.
1. Jay Kreps: “[Questioning the Lambda Architecture](https://www.oreilly.com/ideas/questioning-the-lambda-architecture),” *oreilly.com*, July 2, 2014.
@ -61,8 +61,8 @@ As software and data are having such a large impact on the world, we engineers m
1. Dennis M. Ritchie and Ken Thompson: “[The UNIX Time-Sharing System](http://web.eecs.utk.edu/~qcao1/cs560/papers/paper-unix.pdf),” *Communications of the ACM*, volume 17, number 7, pages 365375, July 1974. [doi:10.1145/361011.361061](http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/361011.361061)
1. Eric A. Brewer and Joseph M. Hellerstein: “[CS262a: Advanced Topics in Computer Systems](http://people.eecs.berkeley.edu/~brewer/cs262/systemr.html),” lecture notes, University of California, Berkeley, *cs.berkeley.edu*, August 2011.
1. Michael Stonebraker: “[The Case for Polystores](http://wp.sigmod.org/?p=1629),” *wp.sigmod.org*, July 13, 2015.
1. Jennie Duggan, Aaron J. Elmore, Michael Stonebraker, et al.: “[The BigDAWG Polystore System](http://dspace.mit.edu/openaccess-disseminate/1721.1/100936),” *ACM SIGMOD Record*, volume 44, number 2, pages 1116, June 2015. [doi:10.1145/2814710.2814713](http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/2814710.2814713)
1. Patrycja Dybka: “[Foreign Data Wrappers for PostgreSQL](http://www.vertabelo.com/blog/technical-articles/foreign-data-wrappers-for-postgresql),” *vertabelo.com*, March 24, 2015.
1. Jennie Duggan, Aaron J. Elmore, Michael Stonebraker, et al.: “[The BigDAWG Polystore System](https://dspace.mit.edu/handle/1721.1/100936),” *ACM SIGMOD Record*, volume 44, number 2, pages 1116, June 2015. [doi:10.1145/2814710.2814713](http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/2814710.2814713)
1. Patrycja Dybka: “[Foreign Data Wrappers for PostgreSQL](https://web.archive.org/web/20221003115732/https://www.vertabelo.com/blog/foreign-data-wrappers-for-postgresql/),” *vertabelo.com*, March 24, 2015.
1. David B. Lomet, Alan Fekete, Gerhard Weikum, and Mike Zwilling: “[Unbundling Transaction Services in the Cloud](https://www.microsoft.com/en-us/research/publication/unbundling-transaction-services-in-the-cloud/),” at *4th Biennial Conference on Innovative Data Systems Research* (CIDR), January 2009.
1. Martin Kleppmann and Jay Kreps: “[Kafka, Samza and the Unix Philosophy of Distributed Data](http://martin.kleppmann.com/papers/kafka-debull15.pdf),” *IEEE Data Engineering Bulletin*, volume 38, number 4, pages 414, December 2015.
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@ -84,7 +84,7 @@ As software and data are having such a large impact on the world, we engineers m
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@ -74,11 +74,11 @@ We have to leave it there for now. In the next chapter we will discuss some of t
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@ -94,13 +94,13 @@ Although this chapter couldnt make you an expert in tuning any one particular
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@ -94,7 +94,7 @@ In the next chapter we will continue looking at data that is distributed across
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@ -66,14 +66,14 @@ By design, every partition operates mostly independently—thats what allows
## References
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@ -98,4 +98,4 @@ By design, every partition operates mostly independently—thats what allows
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@ -130,7 +130,7 @@ This chapter has been all about problems, and has given us a bleak outlook. In t
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@ -187,12 +187,12 @@ This brings us to the end of [Part II](part-ii.md) of this book, in which we cov
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@ -385,14 +385,14 @@
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@ -402,9 +402,9 @@
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------

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@ -729,11 +729,11 @@ Spark、Flink 和 Tez 避免將中間狀態寫入 HDFS因此它們採取了
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@ -747,22 +747,22 @@ Spark、Flink 和 Tez 避免將中間狀態寫入 HDFS因此它們採取了
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1. Jay Kreps: “[The irony of distributed systems is that data loss is really easy but deleting data is surprisingly hard,](https://twitter.com/jaykreps/status/582580836425330688)” *twitter.com*, March 30, 2015.
@ -790,11 +790,11 @@ Storm 的 Trident 基於類似的想法來處理狀態【78】。依賴冪等性
1. Arvind Arasu, Shivnath Babu, and Jennifer Widom: “[The CQL Continuous Query Language: Semantic Foundations and Query Execution](https://www.microsoft.com/en-us/research/wp-content/uploads/2016/02/cql.pdf),” *The VLDB Journal*, volume 15, number 2, pages 121142, June 2006. [doi:10.1007/s00778-004-0147-z](http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00778-004-0147-z)
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@ -802,7 +802,7 @@ Storm 的 Trident 基於類似的想法來處理狀態【78】。依賴冪等性
1. Tyler Akidau: “[The World Beyond Batch: Streaming 102](https://www.oreilly.com/ideas/the-world-beyond-batch-streaming-102),” *oreilly.com*, January 20, 2016.
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@ -815,9 +815,9 @@ Storm 的 Trident 基於類似的想法來處理狀態【78】。依賴冪等性
1. Kostas Tzoumas, Stephan Ewen, and Robert Metzger: “[High-Throughput, Low-Latency, and Exactly-Once Stream Processing with Apache Flink](https://www.ververica.com/blog/high-throughput-low-latency-and-exactly-once-stream-processing-with-apache-flink),” *ververica.com*, August 5, 2015.
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@ -890,15 +890,15 @@ ACID 意義下的一致性(請參閱 “[一致性](ch7.md#一致性)”)基
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@ -906,8 +906,8 @@ ACID 意義下的一致性(請參閱 “[一致性](ch7.md#一致性)”)基
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@ -929,7 +929,7 @@ ACID 意義下的一致性(請參閱 “[一致性](ch7.md#一致性)”)基
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@ -958,13 +958,13 @@ ACID 意義下的一致性(請參閱 “[一致性](ch7.md#一致性)”)基
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@ -974,10 +974,10 @@ ACID 意義下的一致性(請參閱 “[一致性](ch7.md#一致性)”)基
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@ -986,10 +986,10 @@ ACID 意義下的一致性(請參閱 “[一致性](ch7.md#一致性)”)基
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@ -945,11 +945,11 @@ Cypher 和 SPARQL 使用 SELECT 立即跳轉,但是 Datalog 一次只進行一
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@ -959,9 +959,9 @@ Cypher 和 SPARQL 使用 SELECT 立即跳轉,但是 Datalog 一次只進行一
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@ -624,23 +624,23 @@ WHERE product_sk = 31 AND store_sk = 3
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@ -649,13 +649,13 @@ WHERE product_sk = 31 AND store_sk = 3
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@ -664,7 +664,7 @@ WHERE product_sk = 31 AND store_sk = 3
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@ -768,7 +768,7 @@ LWW 實現了最終收斂的目標,但以 **永續性** 為代價:如果同
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@ -778,23 +778,23 @@ LWW 實現了最終收斂的目標,但以 **永續性** 為代價:如果同
1. Robbert van Renesse and Fred B. Schneider: “[Chain Replication for Supporting High Throughput and Availability](http://static.usenix.org/legacy/events/osdi04/tech/full_papers/renesse/renesse.pdf),” at *6th USENIX Symposium on Operating System Design and Implementation* (OSDI), December 2004.
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@ -803,7 +803,7 @@ LWW 實現了最終收斂的目標,但以 **永續性** 為代價:如果同
1. Frazer Clement: “[Eventual Consistency Detecting Conflicts](http://messagepassing.blogspot.co.uk/2011/10/eventual-consistency-detecting.html),” *messagepassing.blogspot.co.uk*, October 20, 2011.
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@ -812,7 +812,7 @@ LWW 實現了最終收斂的目標,但以 **永續性** 為代價:如果同
1. Chengzheng Sun and Clarence Ellis: “[Operational Transformation in Real-Time Group Editors: Issues, Algorithms, and Achievements](http://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/download?doi=10.1.1.53.933&rep=rep1&type=pdf),” at *ACM Conference on Computer Supported Cooperative Work* (CSCW), November 1998.
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1. Heidi Howard, Dahlia Malkhi, and Alexander Spiegelman: “[Flexible Paxos: Quorum Intersection Revisited](https://arxiv.org/abs/1608.06696),” *arXiv:1608.06696*, August 24, 2016.
1. Joseph Blomstedt: “[Re: Absolute Consistency](https://web.archive.org/web/20190919171316/http://lists.basho.com:80/pipermail/riak-users_lists.basho.com/2012-January/007157.html),” email to *riak-users* mailing list, *lists.basho.com*, January 11, 2012.
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@ -822,8 +822,8 @@ LWW 實現了最終收斂的目標,但以 **永續性** 為代價:如果同
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1. D. Stott Parker Jr., Gerald J. Popek, Gerard Rudisin, et al.: “[Detection of Mutual Inconsistency in Distributed Systems](http://zoo.cs.yale.edu/classes/cs426/2013/bib/parker83detection.pdf),” *IEEE Transactions on Software Engineering*, volume 9, number 3, pages 240247, May 1983. [doi:10.1109/TSE.1983.236733](http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/TSE.1983.236733)
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1. D. Stott Parker Jr., Gerald J. Popek, Gerard Rudisin, et al.: “[Detection of Mutual Inconsistency in Distributed Systems](https://web.archive.org/web/20170808212704/https://zoo.cs.yale.edu/classes/cs426/2013/bib/parker83detection.pdf),” *IEEE Transactions on Software Engineering*, volume 9, number 3, pages 240247, May 1983. [doi:10.1109/TSE.1983.236733](http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/TSE.1983.236733)
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@ -325,14 +325,14 @@ Couchbase 不會自動進行再平衡,這簡化了設計。通常情況下,
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@ -348,8 +348,8 @@ Couchbase 不會自動進行再平衡,這簡化了設計。通常情況下,
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@ -357,7 +357,7 @@ Couchbase 不會自動進行再平衡,這簡化了設計。通常情況下,
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1. Shivnath Babu and Herodotos Herodotou: “[Massively Parallel Databases and MapReduce Systems](https://www.microsoft.com/en-us/research/wp-content/uploads/2013/11/db-mr-survey-final.pdf),” *Foundations and Trends in Databases*, volume 5, number 1, pages 1104, November 2013. [doi:10.1561/1900000036](http://dx.doi.org/10.1561/1900000036)
------

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@ -878,16 +878,16 @@ WHERE room_id = 123 AND
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@ -904,25 +904,25 @@ WHERE room_id = 123 AND
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@ -657,15 +657,15 @@ Web 應用程式確實需要預期受終端使用者控制的客戶端(如 Web
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@ -1040,12 +1040,12 @@ ZooKeeper 和它的小夥伴們可以看作是成員資格服務membership se
1. Tushar Deepak Chandra, Robert Griesemer, and Joshua Redstone: “[Paxos Made Live An Engineering Perspective](http://www.read.seas.harvard.edu/~kohler/class/08w-dsi/chandra07paxos.pdf),” at *26th ACM Symposium on Principles of Distributed Computing* (PODC), June 2007.
1. Robbert van Renesse: “[Paxos Made Moderately Complex](http://www.cs.cornell.edu/home/rvr/Paxos/paxos.pdf),” *cs.cornell.edu*, March 2011.
1. Diego Ongaro: “[Consensus: Bridging Theory and Practice](https://github.com/ongardie/dissertation),” PhD Thesis, Stanford University, August 2014.
1. Heidi Howard, Malte Schwarzkopf, Anil Madhavapeddy, and Jon Crowcroft: “[Raft Refloated: Do We Have Consensus?](http://www.cl.cam.ac.uk/~ms705/pub/papers/2015-osr-raft.pdf),” *ACM SIGOPS Operating Systems Review*, volume 49, number 1, pages 1221, January 2015. [doi:10.1145/2723872.2723876](http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/2723872.2723876)
1. Heidi Howard, Malte Schwarzkopf, Anil Madhavapeddy, and Jon Crowcroft: “[Raft Refloated: Do We Have Consensus?](https://web.archive.org/web/20230319151303/https://www.cl.cam.ac.uk/~ms705/pub/papers/2015-osr-raft.pdf),” *ACM SIGOPS Operating Systems Review*, volume 49, number 1, pages 1221, January 2015. [doi:10.1145/2723872.2723876](http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/2723872.2723876)
1. André Medeiros: “[ZooKeepers Atomic Broadcast Protocol: Theory and Practice](http://www.tcs.hut.fi/Studies/T-79.5001/reports/2012-deSouzaMedeiros.pdf),” Aalto University School of Science, March 20, 2012.
1. Robbert van Renesse, Nicolas Schiper, and Fred B. Schneider: “[Vive La Différence: Paxos vs. Viewstamped Replication vs. Zab](http://arxiv.org/abs/1309.5671),” *IEEE Transactions on Dependable and Secure Computing*, volume 12, number 4, pages 472484, September 2014. [doi:10.1109/TDSC.2014.2355848](http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/TDSC.2014.2355848)
1. Will Portnoy: “[Lessons Learned from Implementing Paxos](http://blog.willportnoy.com/2012/06/lessons-learned-from-paxos.html),” *blog.willportnoy.com*, June 14, 2012.
1. Heidi Howard, Dahlia Malkhi, and Alexander Spiegelman: “[Flexible Paxos: Quorum Intersection Revisited](https://drops.dagstuhl.de/opus/volltexte/2017/7094/pdf/LIPIcs-OPODIS-2016-25.pdf),” at *20th International Conference on Principles of Distributed Systems* (OPODIS), December 2016. [doi:10.4230/LIPIcs.OPODIS.2016.25](http://dx.doi.org/10.4230/LIPIcs.OPODIS.2016.25)
1. Heidi Howard and Jon Crowcroft: “[Coracle: Evaluating Consensus at the Internet Edge](http://www.sigcomm.org/sites/default/files/ccr/papers/2015/August/2829988-2790010.pdf),” at *Annual Conference of the ACM Special Interest Group on Data Communication* (SIGCOMM), August 2015. [doi:10.1145/2829988.2790010](http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/2829988.2790010)
1. Heidi Howard and Jon Crowcroft: “[Coracle: Evaluating Consensus at the Internet Edge](https://conferences.sigcomm.org/sigcomm/2015/pdf/papers/p85.pdf),” at *Annual Conference of the ACM Special Interest Group on Data Communication* (SIGCOMM), August 2015. [doi:10.1145/2829988.2790010](http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/2829988.2790010)
1. Kyle Kingsbury: “[Call Me Maybe: Elasticsearch 1.5.0](https://aphyr.com/posts/323-call-me-maybe-elasticsearch-1-5-0),” *aphyr.com*, April 27, 2015.
1. Ivan Kelly: “[BookKeeper Tutorial](https://github.com/ivankelly/bookkeeper-tutorial),” *github.com*, October 2014.
1. Camille Fournier: “[Consensus Systems for the Skeptical Architect](https://vimeo.com/102667163),” at *Philly ETE*, Philadelphia, PA, USA, April 2014.