mirror of
https://github.com/criyle/go-judge.git
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645 lines
20 KiB
Markdown
645 lines
20 KiB
Markdown
# go-judge
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[](https://pkg.go.dev/github.com/criyle/go-judge) [](https://goreportcard.com/report/github.com/criyle/go-judge) [](https://github.com/criyle/go-judge/releases/latest) 
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## Executor Service
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### Architecture
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```text
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+---------------------------------------------------------------------------+
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| Transport Layer (HTTP / WebSocket / FFI / ...) |
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+---------------------------------------------------------------------------+
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| Executor Worker (Environment Pool w/ Environment Builder ) |
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+-----------------------------------------------------------+---------------+
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| EnvExec | File Store |
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+--------------------+----------------+---------------------+--------+------+
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| Linux (go-sandbox) | Windows (winc) | macOS (app sandbox) | Memory | Disk |
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+--------------------+----------------+---------------------+--------+------+
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```
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### REST API
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A REST service to run program in restricted environment and it is basically a wrapper for `envexec` to run single / multiple programs.
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- /run POST execute program in the restricted environment (examples below)
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- /file GET list all cached file
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- /file POST prepare a file in the executor service (in memory), returns fileId (can be referenced in /run parameter)
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- /file/:fileId GET downloads file from executor service (in memory), returns file content
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- /file/:fileId DELETE delete file specified by fileId
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- /ws WebSocket for /run
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- /metrics prometheus metrics (specifies `ES_ENABLE_METRICS=1` environment variable to enable metrics)
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- /debug (specifies `ES_ENABLE_DEBUG=1` environment variable to enable go runtime debug endpoint)
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- /version gets build git version (e.g. `v0.9.4`) together with runtime information (go version, os, platform)
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### Command Line Arguments
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Server:
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- The default binding address for the executor server is `:5050`. Can be specified with `-http-addr` flag.
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- By default gRPC endpoint is disabled, to enable gRPC endpoint, add `-enable-grpc` flag.
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- The default binding address for the gRPC executor server is `:5051`. Can be specified with `-grpc-addr` flag.
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- The default log level is debug, use `-silent` to disable logs or use `-release` to enable release logger (auto turn on if in docker).
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- `-auth-token` to add token-based authentication to REST / gRPC
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- By default, the GO debug endpoints are disabled, to enable, specifies `-enable-debug`
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- By default, the prometheus metrics endpoints are disabled, to enable, specifies `-enable-metrics`
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Sandbox:
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- The default concurrency is `4`, Can be specified with `-parallelism` flag.
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- The default file store is in memory, local cache can be specified with `-dir` flag.
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- The default CGroup prefix is `executor_server`, Can be specified with `-cgroup-prefix` flag.
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- `-src-prefix` to restrict `src` copyIn path (need to be absolute path)
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- `-time-limit-checker-interval` specifies time limit checker interval (default 100ms) (valid value: \[1ms, 1s\])
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- `-output-limit` specifies size limit of POSIX rlimit of output (default 256MiB)
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- `-extra-memory-limit` specifies the additional memory limit to check memory limit exceeded (default 16KiB)
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- `-copy-out-limit` specifies the default file copy out max (default 64MiB)
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- `-cpuset` specifies `cpuset.cpus` cgroup for each container
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- `-container-cred-start` specifies container `setuid` / `setgid` credential start point (default: 10000)
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- for example, by default container 0 will run with 10001 uid & gid and container 1 will run with 10002 uid & gid...
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- `-enable-cpu-rate` enabled `cpu` cgroup to control cpu rate using cfs_quota & cfs_period control
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- `-cpu-cfs-period` specifies cfs_period if cpu rate is enabled (default 100ms) (valid value: \[1ms, 1s\])
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- `-seccomp-conf` specifies `seecomp` filter setting to load when running program (need build tag `seccomp`)
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- for example, by `strace -c prog` to get all `syscall` needed and restrict to that sub set
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- however, the `syscall` count in one platform(e.g. x86_64) is not suitable for all platform, so this option is not recommended
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- the program killed by seccomp filter will have status `Dangerous Syscall`
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- `-pre-fork` specifies number of container to create when server starts
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- `-tmp-fs-param` specifies the tmpfs parameter for `/w` and `/tmp` when using default mounting
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### Environment Variables
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Environment variable will be override by command line arguments if they both present and all command line arguments have its correspond environment variable (e.g. `ES_HTTP_ADDR`). Run `executorserver --help` to see all the environment variable configurations.
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### Install & Run
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Download compiled executable from [Release](https://github.com/criyle/go-judge/releases) and run.
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Or, by docker
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```bash
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docker run -it --rm --privileged -p 5050:5050 criyle/executorserver:demo
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```
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#### Build Executor Server
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Build by your own `docker build -t executorserver -f Dockerfile.exec .`
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The `executorserver` need root privilege to create `cgroup`. Either creates sub-directory `/sys/fs/cgroup/cpuacct/executor_server`, `/sys/fs/cgroup/memory/executor_server`, `/sys/fs/cgroup/pids/executor_server` and make execution user readable or use `sudo` to run it.
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#### Build Shared object
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Build container init `cinit`:
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`go build -o cinit ./cmd/cinit`
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Build `executor_server.so`:
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`go build -buildmode=c-shared -o executor_server.so ./cmd/ffi/`
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For example, in JavaScript, run with `ffi-napi` (seems node 14 is not supported yet):
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### Build Executor Proxy
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Build `go build ./cmd/executorproxy`
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Run `./executorproxy`, connect to gRPC endpoint expose as a REST endpoint.
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### Build Executor Shell
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Build `go build ./cmd/executorshell`
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Run `./executorshell`, connect to gRPC endpoint with interactive shell.
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### Return Status
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- Accepted: Program exited with status code 0 within time & memory limits
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- Memory Limit Exceeded: Program uses more memory than memory limits
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- Time Limit Exceeded:
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- Program uses more CPU time than cpuLimit
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- Or, program uses more clock time than clockLimit
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- Output Limit Exceeded:
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- Program output more than pipeCollector limits
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- Or, program output more than output-limit
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- File Error:
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- CopyIn file is not existed
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- Or, CopyIn file too large for container file system
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- Or, CopyOut file is not existed after program exited
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- Non Zero Exit Status: Program exited with non 0 status code within time & memory limits
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- Signalled: Program exited with signal (e.g. SIGSEGV)
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- Dangerous Syscall: Program killed by seccomp filter
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- Internal Error:
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- Program is not exist
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- Or, container create not successful (e.g. not privileged docker)
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- Or, other errors
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### Container Root Filesystem
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For linux platform, the default mounts points are bind mounting host's `/lib`, `/lib64`, `/usr`, `/bin`, `/etc/alternatives`, `/etc/fpc.cfg`, `/dev/null`, `/dev/urandom` and mounts tmpfs at `/w`, `/tmp` and creates `/proc`.
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To customize mount points, please look at example `mount.yaml` file.
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### Packages
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- envexec: run single / group of programs in parallel within restricted environment and resource constraints
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- env: reference implementation environments to inject into envexec
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### Windows Support
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- Build `executorserver` by: `go build ./cmd/executorserver/`
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- Build `executor_server.dll`: (need to install `gcc` as well) `go build -buildmode=c-shared -o executor_server.so ./cmd/ffi/`
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- Run: `./executorserver`
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#### Windows Security
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- Resources are limited by [JobObject](https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/windows/win32/procthread/job-objects)
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- Privillege are limited by [Restricted Low Mandatory Level Token](https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/windows/win32/secauthz/access-tokens)
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- Low Mandatory Level directory is created for read / write
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### MacOS Support
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- Build `executorserver` by: `go build ./cmd/executorserver/`
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- Build `executor_server.dylib`: (need to install `XCode`) `go build -buildmode=c-shared -o executor_server.dylib ./cmd/ffi/`
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- Run: `./executorserver`
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#### MacOS Security
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- `sandbox-init` profile deny network access and file read / write and read / write to `/Users` directory
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### Notice
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#### CentOS 7
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By default, user namespace is disabled and it can be enabled following [stack overflow](https://superuser.com/questions/1294215/is-it-safe-to-enable-user-namespaces-in-centos-7-4-and-how-to-do-it/1294246#1294246)
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```bash
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echo user.max_user_namespaces=10000 >> /etc/sysctl.d/98-userns.conf
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sysctl -p
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```
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### Benchmark
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By `wrk` with `t.lua`: `wrk -s t.lua -c 1 -t 1 -d 30s --latency http://localhost:5050/run`.
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However, these results are not the real use cases since the running time depends on the actual program specifies in the request. Normally, the executor server consumes ~1ms more compare to running without sandbox.
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```lua
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wrk.method = "POST"
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wrk.body = '{"cmd":[{"args":["/bin/cat","a.hs"],"env":["PATH=/usr/bin:/bin"],"files":[{"content":""},{"name":"stdout","max":10240},{"name":"stderr","max":10240}],"cpuLimit":10000000000,"memoryLimit":104857600,"procLimit":50,"copyIn":{"a.hs":{"content":"main = putStrLn \\"Hello, World!\\""},"b":{"content":"TEST"}}}]}'
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wrk.headers["Content-Type"] = "application/json;charset=UTF-8"
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```
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- Single thread ~400-460 op/s Windows 10 WSL2
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- Multi thread ~1100-1200 op/s Windows 10 WSL2
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Single thread:
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```text
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Running 30s test @ http://localhost:5050/run
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1 threads and 1 connections
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Thread Stats Avg Stdev Max +/- Stdev
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Latency 2.23ms 287.79us 14.29ms 86.51%
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Req/Sec 451.05 17.60 494.00 76.00%
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Latency Distribution
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50% 2.19ms
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75% 2.33ms
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90% 2.50ms
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99% 2.93ms
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13482 requests in 30.02s, 3.58MB read
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Requests/sec: 449.15
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Transfer/sec: 121.98KB
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```
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### REST API Interface
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```typescript
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interface LocalFile {
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src: string; // absolute path for the file
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}
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interface MemoryFile {
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content: string | Buffer; // file contents
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}
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interface PreparedFile {
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fileId: string; // fileId defines file uploaded by /file
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}
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interface Pipe {
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name: string; // file name in copyOut
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max: number; // maximum bytes to collect from pipe
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}
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interface Cmd {
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args: string[]; // command line argument
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env?: string[]; // environment
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// specifies file input / pipe collector for program file descriptors
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files?: (LocalFile | MemoryFile | PreparedFile | Pipe | null)[];
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tty?: boolean; // enables tty on the input and output pipes (should have just one input & one output)
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// Notice: must have TERM environment variables (e.g. TERM=xterm)
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// limitations
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cpuLimit?: number; // ns
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realCpuLimit?: number; // deprecated: use clock limit instead (still working)
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clockLimit?: number; // ns
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memoryLimit?: number; // byte
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stackLimit?: number; // byte (N/A on windows, macOS cannot set over 32M)
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procLimit?: number;
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strictMemoryLimit?: boolean; // Linux only: use stricter memory limit (+ rlimit_data when cgroup enabled)
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// copy the correspond file to the container dst path
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copyIn?: {[dst:string]:LocalFile | MemoryFile | PreparedFile};
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// copy out specifies files need to be copied out from the container after execution
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copyOut?: string[];
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// similar to copyOut but stores file in executor service and returns fileId, later download through /file/:fileId
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copyOutCached?: string[];
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// specifies the directory to dump container /w content
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copyOutDir: string
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// specifies the max file size to copy out
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copyOutMax: number; // byte
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}
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enum Status {
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Accepted, // normal
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MemoryLimitExceeded, // mle
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TimeLimitExceeded, // tle
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OutputLimitExceeded, // ole
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FileError, // fe
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RuntimeError, // re
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DangerousSyscall, // dgs
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InternalError, // system error
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}
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interface PipeIndex {
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index: number; // the index of cmd
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fd: number; // the fd number of cmd
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}
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interface PipeMap {
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in: PipeIndex; // input end of the pipe
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out: PipeIndex; // output end of the pipe
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}
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interface Request {
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requestId?: string; // for WebSocket requests
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cmd: Cmd[];
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pipeMapping: PipeMap[];
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}
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interface Result {
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status: Status;
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error?: string; // potential system error message
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time: number; // ns (cgroup recorded time)
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memory: number; // byte
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runTime: number; // ns (wall clock time)
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// copyFile name -> content
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files?: {[name:string]:string};
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// copyFileCached name -> fileId
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fileIds?: {[name:string]:string};
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}
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// WebSocket results
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interface WSResult {
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requestId: string;
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results: []Result;
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error?: string;
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}
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```
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### Example Request & Response
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FFI:
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```javascript
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var ffi = require('ffi-napi');
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var executor_server = ffi.Library('./executor_server', {
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'Init': ['int', ['string']],
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'Exec': ['string', ['string']],
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'FileList': ['string', []],
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'FileAdd': ['string', ['string']],
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'FileGet': ['string', ['string']],
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'FileDelete': ['string', ['string']]
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});
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if (executor_server.Init(JSON.stringify({
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cinitPath: "/judge/cinit",
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parallelism: 4,
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}))) {
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console.log("Failed to init executor server");
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}
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const result = JSON.parse(executor_server.Exec(JSON.stringify({
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"cmd": [{
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"args": ["/bin/cat", "test.txt"],
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"env": ["PATH=/usr/bin:/bin"],
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"files": [{
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"content": ""
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}, {
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"name": "stdout",
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"max": 10240
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}, {
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"name": "stderr",
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"max": 10240
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}],
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"cpuLimit": 10000000000,
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"memoryLimit": 104857600,
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"procLimit": 50,
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"copyIn": {
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"test.txt": {
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"content": "TEST"
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}
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}
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}]
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})));
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console.log(result);
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// Async
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executor_server.Exec.async(JSON.stringify({
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"cmd": [{
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"args": ["/bin/cat", "test.txt"],
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"env": ["PATH=/usr/bin:/bin"],
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"files": [{
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"content": ""
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}, {
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"name": "stdout",
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"max": 10240
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}, {
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"name": "stderr",
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"max": 10240
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}],
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"cpuLimit": 10000000000,
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"memoryLimit": 104857600,
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"procLimit": 50,
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"copyIn": {
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"test.txt": {
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"content": "TEST"
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}
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}
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}]
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}), (err, res) => {
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if (err) throw err;
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console.log(JSON.parse(res));
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});
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const fileAdd = (param) => new Promise((resolve, reject) => {
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executor_server.FileAdd.async(JSON.stringify(param), (err, res) => {
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if (err != null) { reject(err); } else { resolve(res); }
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});
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});
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const fileList = () => new Promise((resolve, reject) => {
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executor_server.FileList.async((err, res) => {
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if (err != null && res == null) { reject(err); } else { resolve(JSON.parse(res)); }
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});
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});
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const fileGet = (param) => new Promise((resolve, reject) => {
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executor_server.FileGet.async(JSON.stringify(param), (err, res) => {
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if (err != null && res == null) { reject(err); } else { resolve(res); }
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});
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});
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const fileDelete = (param) => new Promise((resolve, reject) => {
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executor_server.FileDelete.async(JSON.stringify(param), (err, res) => {
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if (err != null && res == null) { reject(err); } else { resolve(res); }
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});
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});
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const fileOps = async () => {
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const fileId = await fileAdd({ name: 'Name', content: 'Content' });
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console.log(fileId);
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const list = await fileList();
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console.log(list);
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const file = await fileGet({ id: fileId });
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console.log(file);
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const d = await fileDelete({ id: fileId });
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console.log(d);
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const e = await fileList();
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console.log(e);
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};
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fileOps();
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```
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Output:
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```javascript
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{
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requestId: '',
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results: [
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{
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status: 'Accepted',
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exitStatus: 0,
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time: 814048,
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memory: 253952,
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files: [Object]
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}
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]
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}
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```
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Single (this example require `apt install g++` inside the container):
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```json
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{
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"cmd": [{
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"args": ["/usr/bin/g++", "a.cc", "-o", "a"],
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"env": ["PATH=/usr/bin:/bin"],
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"files": [{
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"content": ""
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}, {
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"name": "stdout",
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"max": 10240
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}, {
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"name": "stderr",
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"max": 10240
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}],
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"cpuLimit": 10000000000,
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"memoryLimit": 104857600,
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"procLimit": 50,
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"copyIn": {
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"a.cc": {
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"content": "#include <iostream>\nusing namespace std;\nint main() {\nint a, b;\ncin >> a >> b;\ncout << a + b << endl;\n}"
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}
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},
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"copyOut": ["stdout", "stderr"],
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"copyOutCached": ["a.cc", "a"],
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"copyOutDir": "1"
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}]
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}
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```
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```json
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[
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{
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"status": "Accepted",
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"exitStatus": 0,
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"time": 303225231,
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"memory": 32243712,
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"runTime": 524177700,
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"files": {
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"stderr": "",
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"stdout": ""
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},
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"fileIds": {
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"a": "5LWIZAA45JHX4Y4Z",
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"a.cc": "NOHPGGDTYQUFRSLJ"
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}
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}
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]
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```
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Multiple (interaction problem):
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```json
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{
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"cmd": [{
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"args": ["/bin/cat", "1"],
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"env": ["PATH=/usr/bin:/bin"],
|
|
"files": [{
|
|
"content": ""
|
|
}, null, {
|
|
"name": "stderr",
|
|
"max": 10240
|
|
}],
|
|
"cpuLimit": 1000000000,
|
|
"memoryLimit": 1048576,
|
|
"procLimit": 50,
|
|
"copyIn": {
|
|
"1": { "content": "TEST 1" }
|
|
},
|
|
"copyOut": ["stderr"]
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
"args": ["/bin/cat"],
|
|
"env": ["PATH=/usr/bin:/bin"],
|
|
"files": [null, {
|
|
"name": "stdout",
|
|
"max": 10240
|
|
}, {
|
|
"name": "stderr",
|
|
"max": 10240
|
|
}],
|
|
"cpuLimit": 1000000000,
|
|
"memoryLimit": 1048576,
|
|
"procLimit": 50,
|
|
"copyOut": ["stdout", "stderr"]
|
|
}],
|
|
"pipeMapping": [{
|
|
"in" : {"index": 0, "fd": 1 },
|
|
"out" : {"index": 1, "fd" : 0 }
|
|
}]
|
|
}
|
|
```
|
|
|
|
```json
|
|
[
|
|
{
|
|
"status": "Accepted",
|
|
"exitStatus": 0,
|
|
"time": 1545123,
|
|
"memory": 253952,
|
|
"runTime": 4148800,
|
|
"files": {
|
|
"stderr": ""
|
|
},
|
|
"fileIds": {}
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
"status": "Accepted",
|
|
"exitStatus": 0,
|
|
"time": 1501463,
|
|
"memory": 253952,
|
|
"runTime": 5897700,
|
|
"files": {
|
|
"stderr": "",
|
|
"stdout": "TEST 1"
|
|
},
|
|
"fileIds": {}
|
|
}
|
|
]
|
|
```
|
|
|
|
Compile On Windows (cygwin):
|
|
|
|
```json
|
|
{
|
|
"cmd": [{
|
|
"args": ["C:\\Cygwin\\bin\\g++", "a.cc", "-o", "a"],
|
|
"env": ["PATH=C:\\Cygwin\\bin;"],
|
|
"files": [{
|
|
"content": ""
|
|
}, {
|
|
"name": "stdout",
|
|
"max": 10240
|
|
}, {
|
|
"name": "stderr",
|
|
"max": 10240
|
|
}],
|
|
"cpuLimit": 10000000000,
|
|
"memoryLimit": 104857600,
|
|
"procLimit": 50,
|
|
"copyIn": {
|
|
"a.cc": {
|
|
"content": "#include <iostream>\n#include <signal.h>\n#include <unistd.h>\nusing namespace std;\nint main() {\nint a, b;\ncin >> a >> b;\ncout << a + b << endl;\n}"
|
|
}
|
|
},
|
|
"copyOutCached": ["a.exe"]
|
|
}]
|
|
}
|
|
```
|
|
|
|
```json
|
|
[
|
|
{
|
|
"status": "Accepted",
|
|
"exitStatus": 0,
|
|
"time": 140625000,
|
|
"memory": 36286464,
|
|
"files": {
|
|
"stderr": "",
|
|
"stdout": ""
|
|
},
|
|
"fileIds": {
|
|
"a.exe": "HLQH2OF4MXUUJBCB"
|
|
}
|
|
}
|
|
]
|
|
```
|
|
|
|
Infinite loop with cpu rate control:
|
|
|
|
```json
|
|
{
|
|
"cmd": [{
|
|
"args": ["/usr/bin/python3", "1.py"],
|
|
"env": ["PATH=/usr/bin:/bin"],
|
|
"files": [{"content": ""}, {"name": "stdout","max": 10240}, {"name": "stderr","max": 10240}],
|
|
"cpuLimit": 3000000000,
|
|
"clockLimit": 4000000000,
|
|
"memoryLimit": 104857600,
|
|
"procLimit": 50,
|
|
"cpuRate": 0.1,
|
|
"copyIn": {
|
|
"1.py": {
|
|
"content": "while True:\n pass"
|
|
}
|
|
}}]
|
|
}
|
|
```
|
|
|
|
```json
|
|
[
|
|
{
|
|
"status": "Time Limit Exceeded",
|
|
"exitStatus": 9,
|
|
"time": 414803599,
|
|
"memory": 3657728,
|
|
"runTime": 4046054900,
|
|
"files": {
|
|
"stderr": "",
|
|
"stdout": ""
|
|
}
|
|
}
|
|
]
|
|
```
|